Factors Influencing Speaking Anxiety of FLSP Freshmen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/joelt.v10i2.5254Keywords:
anxiety, foreign language anxiety, Foreign Language for Specific Purpose (FLSP), speaking skillAbstract
Anxiety is one of the biggest challenges that has harmed language development. Among the four-language skill, speaking is the most anxiety-provoking skill. This present article aims to identify the factors influencing freshmen’s speaking anxiety in Foreign Language for Specific Purpose (FLSP) class. The researcher conducted a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach. Moreover, 20 FLSP freshmen in the communication science department participated in this study. The data was collected using a close-ended and open-ended questionnaire of the Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety Scale (FLSAS) derived from Horwitz et al. (1986). The result exposed that the primary factor influencing freshmen speaking anxiety is “fear of negative evaluation,” followed by “test anxiety” and “communication apprehension.” This study ends with implications to assist the educator in fostering speaking and providing students with a positive environment to effectively support them in overcoming anxiety feelings.
References
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British Council. (2013). The English Effect. Retrieved from https://www.britishcouncil.org/research-policy-insight/policy-reports/the-english-effect
Cepon, S. (2016). Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives on the Reasons for Speaking Anxiety in English for Specific Purposes. Journal of English for Specific Purposes at Tertiary Level, 4(2), 184-201. https://doi.org/10.18485/esptoday.2016.4.2.3
Creswell, J., & Creswell, D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th Edition). California: Sage Publications.
Gregersen, T., & Horwitz, E. (2002). Language Learning and Perfectionism: Anxious and Non-Anxious Language Learners’ Reactions to Their Own Oral Performance. The Modern Language Journal, 86(4), 562-570.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4781.00161
Gursoy, E., & Korkmaz, H. (2018). Speaking Anxiety of Freshmen and Senior Prospective ELT Teacher. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 14(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.346886
Hanifa, R. (2018). Factors generating anxiety when learning EFL speaking skills. Studies in English Language and Education, 5(2), 230–239. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v5i2.10932
Horwitz, E., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132.
https://doi.org/10.2307/327317
Ibrahim, R., & Amin, L. (2021). Students: A Case Study at a Public University. Al-Ustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences, 60(1), 77–92.
Laborda, J., & Litzler, M. (2015). Current Perspectives in Teaching English for Specific Purposes. Onomazein, 31(1), 38–51.
https://doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.31.1
Liu, C. (2013). From language learners to language users: A Study of Chinese Students in the UK. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 23(2), 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2012.00322.x
Liu, M. (2021). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety, Gender, Discipline, and English Test Performance: A Cross-lagged Regression Study. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 31(3), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00550-w
Liu, M., & Jackson, J. (2008). An Exploration of Chinese EFL Learners’ Unwillingness to Communicate and Foreign Language Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 92, 71-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2008.00687.x
Loan, T. (2022). An Investigation into the Causes of Students’ Anxiety in Learning English Speaking Skills. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(3), 183–196. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.222312
Macintyre, P., & Gardner, R. (1994). The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language. Language Learning, 44(2), 283-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb01103.x
Male, H. (2018). Foreign Language Learners’ Anxiety in Language Skills Learning: A Case study at Universitas Kristen Indonesia. Journal of English Teaching, 4(3), 170–182.
McDonald, A. (2001). The Prevalence and Effects of Test Anxiety in School Children. Educational Psychology, 21(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410020019867
Miles, M., Huberman, A., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd Edition). USA: Sage Publication.
Mulyono, et al. (2019). An Investigation of Factors Contributing to Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety among International Students in Indonesian Universities. Register Journal, 12(1), 13-27. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v12i1.13-27
Musch, J., & Broder, A. (1999). Test anxiety versus academic skills: A comparison of two alternative models for predicting performance in a statistics exam. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709999157608
Occhipinti, A. (2009). Foreign Language Anxiety in in-Class Speaking Activities-Two Learning Contexts in Comparison (Thesis). University of Oslo, Norway.
Oteir & Al-Otaibi. (2019). Foreign Language Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Arab World English Journal, 10(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol10no3.21
Putri, N., & Marlina, L. (2019) An Analysis of Students’ Speaking Anxiety Faced by the EFL Freshman Students at English Department of Universitas Negeri Padang. Journal of English Language Teaching, 8(4), 459-471. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/jelt
Rafek, et al. (2014). Gender and Language: Communication Apprehension in Second Language Learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 123, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1401
Rita, A., & Dalila, N. (2008). Anxiety and Speaking English as a Second Language among Male and Female Business Students in University-Industry Selangor (Thesis). The Industrial University of Selangor, Malaysia.
Russell, V. (2020). Language anxiety and the online learner. Foreign Language Annals, 53(2), 338–352. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12461
Sadighi, F., & Dastpak, M. (2017). The Sources of Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety of Iranian English Language Learners. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 5(4), 111-115. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.5n.4p.111
Shabani, M. (2012). Levels and Sources of Language Anxiety among Iranian EFL. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 1–240. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2219-2225
Spielberger, C. D. (1972). Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research. New York: Academic Press.
Subekti, A. (2018). An Exploration of Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety in the Indonesian University Context: Learners’ and Teachers’ Voices. Teflin Journal, 29(2), 219–244. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v29i2/219-244
Sugiyati, K., & Indriani, L. (2021). Exploring the Level and Primary Causes of Public Speaking Anxiety among English Department Students. Journal of Research on Language Education, 2(1), 57-66. https://ejurnal.teknokrat.ac.id/index.php/JoRLE/index
Tanveer, M. (2007). Investigation of the Factors that Cause Language Anxiety for ESL/EFL Learners in Learning Speaking Skills and the Influence it Casts on Communication in the Target Language (Thesis). University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Tsai, Y.-C., & Li, Y.-C. (2012). Test Anxiety and Foreign Language Reading Anxiety in a Reading-Proficiency Test. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 95–103.
Weda, S., & Sakti, A. (2018). The Relationship between Study Anxiety and Academic Performance among English Students. European Scientific Language Journal, 11(2), 718–727.
https://doi.org//10.18355/XL.2018.11.02.56
Yin, R. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th Edition). Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Young, D. (1990). An Investigation of Students’ Perspectives on Anxiety and Speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1990.tb00424.x
Zeidner, M. (1998). Test Anxiety: The State of the Art. New York: Kluwer Academic Publisher.
British Council. (2013). The English Effect. Retrieved from https://www.britishcouncil.org/research-policy-insight/policy-reports/the-english-effect
Cepon, S. (2016). Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives on the Reasons for Speaking Anxiety in English for Specific Purposes. Journal of English for Specific Purposes at Tertiary Level, 4(2), 184-201. https://doi.org/10.18485/esptoday.2016.4.2.3
Creswell, J., & Creswell, D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th Edition). California: Sage Publications.
Gregersen, T., & Horwitz, E. (2002). Language Learning and Perfectionism: Anxious and Non-Anxious Language Learners’ Reactions to Their Own Oral Performance. The Modern Language Journal, 86(4), 562-570.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4781.00161
Gursoy, E., & Korkmaz, H. (2018). Speaking Anxiety of Freshmen and Senior Prospective ELT Teacher. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 14(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.346886
Hanifa, R. (2018). Factors generating anxiety when learning EFL speaking skills. Studies in English Language and Education, 5(2), 230–239. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v5i2.10932
Horwitz, E., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132.
https://doi.org/10.2307/327317
Ibrahim, R., & Amin, L. (2021). Students: A Case Study at a Public University. Al-Ustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences, 60(1), 77–92.
Laborda, J., & Litzler, M. (2015). Current Perspectives in Teaching English for Specific Purposes. Onomazein, 31(1), 38–51.
https://doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.31.1
Liu, C. (2013). From language learners to language users: A Study of Chinese Students in the UK. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 23(2), 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2012.00322.x
Liu, M. (2021). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety, Gender, Discipline, and English Test Performance: A Cross-lagged Regression Study. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 31(3), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00550-w
Liu, M., & Jackson, J. (2008). An Exploration of Chinese EFL Learners’ Unwillingness to Communicate and Foreign Language Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 92, 71-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2008.00687.x
Loan, T. (2022). An Investigation into the Causes of Students’ Anxiety in Learning English Speaking Skills. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(3), 183–196. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.222312
Macintyre, P., & Gardner, R. (1994). The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language. Language Learning, 44(2), 283-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb01103.x
Male, H. (2018). Foreign Language Learners’ Anxiety in Language Skills Learning: A Case study at Universitas Kristen Indonesia. Journal of English Teaching, 4(3), 170–182.
McDonald, A. (2001). The Prevalence and Effects of Test Anxiety in School Children. Educational Psychology, 21(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410020019867
Miles, M., Huberman, A., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd Edition). USA: Sage Publication.
Mulyono, et al. (2019). An Investigation of Factors Contributing to Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety among International Students in Indonesian Universities. Register Journal, 12(1), 13-27. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v12i1.13-27
Musch, J., & Broder, A. (1999). Test anxiety versus academic skills: A comparison of two alternative models for predicting performance in a statistics exam. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709999157608
Occhipinti, A. (2009). Foreign Language Anxiety in in-Class Speaking Activities-Two Learning Contexts in Comparison (Thesis). University of Oslo, Norway.
Oteir & Al-Otaibi. (2019). Foreign Language Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Arab World English Journal, 10(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol10no3.21
Putri, N., & Marlina, L. (2019) An Analysis of Students’ Speaking Anxiety Faced by the EFL Freshman Students at English Department of Universitas Negeri Padang. Journal of English Language Teaching, 8(4), 459-471. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/jelt
Rafek, et al. (2014). Gender and Language: Communication Apprehension in Second Language Learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 123, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1401
Rita, A., & Dalila, N. (2008). Anxiety and Speaking English as a Second Language among Male and Female Business Students in University-Industry Selangor (Thesis). The Industrial University of Selangor, Malaysia.
Russell, V. (2020). Language anxiety and the online learner. Foreign Language Annals, 53(2), 338–352. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12461
Sadighi, F., & Dastpak, M. (2017). The Sources of Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety of Iranian English Language Learners. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 5(4), 111-115. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.5n.4p.111
Shabani, M. (2012). Levels and Sources of Language Anxiety among Iranian EFL. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 1–240. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2219-2225
Spielberger, C. D. (1972). Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research. New York: Academic Press.
Subekti, A. (2018). An Exploration of Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety in the Indonesian University Context: Learners’ and Teachers’ Voices. Teflin Journal, 29(2), 219–244. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v29i2/219-244
Sugiyati, K., & Indriani, L. (2021). Exploring the Level and Primary Causes of Public Speaking Anxiety among English Department Students. Journal of Research on Language Education, 2(1), 57-66. https://ejurnal.teknokrat.ac.id/index.php/JoRLE/index
Tanveer, M. (2007). Investigation of the Factors that Cause Language Anxiety for ESL/EFL Learners in Learning Speaking Skills and the Influence it Casts on Communication in the Target Language (Thesis). University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Tsai, Y.-C., & Li, Y.-C. (2012). Test Anxiety and Foreign Language Reading Anxiety in a Reading-Proficiency Test. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 95–103.
Weda, S., & Sakti, A. (2018). The Relationship between Study Anxiety and Academic Performance among English Students. European Scientific Language Journal, 11(2), 718–727.
https://doi.org//10.18355/XL.2018.11.02.56
Yin, R. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th Edition). Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Young, D. (1990). An Investigation of Students’ Perspectives on Anxiety and Speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1990.tb00424.x
Zeidner, M. (1998). Test Anxiety: The State of the Art. New York: Kluwer Academic Publisher.
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2022-12-31
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