DARI SAKRAL KE PROFAN

Globalisasi Dan Komodifikasi dalam Dunia Spritual dengan Ilustrasi Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah- Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB)

Authors

  • Muzakir Muzakir Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Keywords:

Sakral, profan, dunia spritual, tarekat naqsyabandiyah, Sacred, profane, spirituality, mysticism order

Abstract

Abstrak

Tulisan ini menjelaskan adanya pergeseran serius dalam orientasi institusi spiritual dengan ilustrasi Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB). Pergeseran ini terjadi karena pengaruh globalisasi yang terjadi telah berhasil merubah orientasi institusi spiritual tidak lagi semata-mata melakukan “olah-spritual”, tetapi juga “olah-material”. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori globalisasi dan komodifikasi untuk menemukan bagaimana proses pergeseran itu terjadi dan apa yang terjadi pada institusi spiritual dalam kaitan kedua yang dikemukan. Untuk menemukan pengaruh dan respon TNKB vis a vis globaliasi, yaitu pengaruh globalisasi terhadap TNKB telah berhasil melemahkan sistem tradisi yang dianut. Kemudian, respon yang diberikan TNKB dengan adanya upaya penguatan identitas sebagai upaya untuk tetap bertahan dalam situasi perkembangan yang ada. Konsekuensin dari pengaruh globalisasi ini mengakibatkan adanya disorientasi pada TNKB, yaitu dari dari sakral ke profan dengan adanya praktek komodifikasi dalam hampir semua aktifitas yang dilakukan di dalamnya.

This article describes a serious shift in the orientation of spiritual institution illustrated through the mystic order of or Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB). The shift occurs due to the globalization era that has changed the orientation of the spiritual institution in that the institution does not merely focuses on spirituality only but also on material benefit orientation. This research applies the globalization and co-modification theories to depict the shift process and what really happens in the spiritual institution. That is to find out the influence and response of TNKB vis a vis globalization era. Globalization has weakened the traditional system adhered by TNKB. With regard to that phenomenon, TNKB is seeking to strenghten its individual identity. Nevertheless, the influences of globalization er brings about disorientation for TNKB that is from being sacred into profane. This shift is supported by the co-modification practices that exist in almost all of the institution activities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Azra, Azyumardi, Islam Nusantara: Jaringan Global dan Lokal (Bandung: Mizan, 20012).
, Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah Kepulauan Nusantara Abad ke XVII dan XVIII (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2005).\
Bafadal, Fadhal AR. dan Asep Saefullah, Naskah-naskah Keagamaan Nusantara: Cerminan Budaya Bangsa (Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lektur Agama, 2006).
Berger, Peter L., The Sacred Canopy: Elements of A Sociological Theory of Religion (New York: Doubleday, 1967).
Beyer, Peter F., “Privatization and the Public Influence of Religion in Global Society”, dalam Mike Featherstone, ed., Global Culture Nationalism, Globalization and Modernity (London: SAGE Publications, 1997).
Bruinessen, Martin van, “After the Days of Abu Qubays: Indonesian Tranformations of the Naqshabandiyyah Khalidiyya”, dalam Journal of the History of Sufism, vol. 5, 2007.
, “Mencari Ilmu dan Pahala di Tanah Suci: Orang Nusantara Naik Haji”, dalam Martin van Bruinessen, Kitab Kuning, Pesantren dan Tarekat (Bandung: Mizan, 1995).
, Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah di Indonesia: Survei Historis, Geografis dan Sosiologis (Bandung: Mizan, 1992).
DeBernardi, Jean, “Commodifiying Blessings: Celebrating the double-yang Festival in Penang, Malaysia and Wudang mountain, Cina”, dalam Pattara Kitiarsa, ed., Religius Commodifications in Asian (New York: Routledge, 2008.
Hidayat, Ziaulhaq, “Bisnis Berkah di Makam Tuan Guru: Komodifikasi Ritual pada Haul Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB)”, dalam Jurnal Sinergis Kopertais Wilayah XII, vol. 2, no. 1 2014.
______ , “Sharp Skullcap (Lobe Runcing) of Tariqa Naqshabandiyya-Khalidiyya Babussalam (TNKB): Identity, Sacredness and Commodity, dalam Proceeding in International Conference on Southeast Asian Islam: Legacy and New Interpretation, UIN Jakarta 2014.
Lombard, Denys, “Tarekat et Entreprise à Sumatra: L’exemple de Shyekh Abdul Wahab Rokan (c. 1830-1926)”, dalam M. Gaborieau, et.al., ed., Naqshbandis: Cheminements et Situation Actuelle d’un Ordre Mystique Musulman (Istanbul: Editions ISIS, 1990).
Muzakir, et.al., “Peran Kaum Tarekat dalam Membangun Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Tanah Batak: Studi Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Serambi Babussalam (TNSB)”, Laporan Penelitian, Medan: Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M), IAIN Sumatera Utara, 2013.
Pelly, Usman, et.al., Sejarah Pertumbuhan Pemerintah Kesultanan Langkat, Deli dan Serdang (Jakarta: Depertemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1986).
Rokan, Syekh Abdul Wahab, 44 Wasiat (tp.: ttp., tt.).
Said, A. Fuad, Syeikh Abdul Wahab Rokan: Tuan Guru Babussalam (Medan: Pustaka Babussalam, 1983).
Scott, James C., Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcript (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990).
Varul, Matthias Z., “The Sufi Ethic and the Spirits of Consumerism: A Preliminary Suggestion for Further Research”, dalam Marketing Theory, vol.13, no. 4, 2013.
Weber, Max, Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology (New York: Bedminster Press, 1947).
Wilfred, Felix, “Religions Face to Face with Globalization: Same Reflectins Against the Asian Background”, dalam Journal of Theologies and Culture in Asia, vol. 35, No. 5, 2003.
Zuhdi, Sulaiman bin, Majmu‘ al-Rasail ‘alā Ushul al-Khalidiyyah al-Diya‘iyyah al- Mujadidiyah al-Naqsyabandiyah (tt: tp, tt).
Interviewee
Athardin, Zuriat TNKB
Hasyim al-Syarwani, Mursyid TNKB Ismail, Khadim, TNKB
Ismail Royani, Mursyid TNKB Pekan Baru, Riau Qahar, Khadim TNKB
Shalahuddin, Zuriat TNKB

Downloads

Published

2015-04-14

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 1 (2015): Studi Islam di Era Global

Section

Articles

License

All articles in the Akademika can be disseminated on condition that they still include the identity of the article and the source (Akademika). The publisher is not responsible for the contents of the article. The content of the article is the sole responsibility of the author.
 
Authors who publish this subject agree to the following terms:
 
First, the Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right from first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Secondly, the authors can enter into a separate or an acknowledgment of its initial (e.g., post-institutional repository or publish it in a book) publication in this journal.
 
Third, the authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before publishing work is cited.