REAKTUALISASI HUKUM ISLAM

PEMIKIRAN MUNAWIR SJADZALI

Authors

  • Vita Fitria Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Keywords:

Reaktualisasi, Islam, maslahah, Munawir Sjadzali, Reactualization

Abstract

Dalam perkembangan pemikiran Islam kontemporer saat ini, mulai berkembang suatu pemikiran sumber hukum yang dianggap mandiri yakni maslahah atau maqashid asy-syariyyah. Belakangan konsep tersebut makin berkembang bahkan menjadi disiplin ilmu yang seolah terlepas dari ilmu ushul fikh. Konsep pemikiran tersebut meski mulai berkembang belakangan, namun secara implisit sudah dijadikan sebagai landasan berpikir oleh para intelektual Muslim tak terkecuali di Indonesia. Munawir Sjadzali, seorang intelektual Muslim Indonesia, memunculkan ide tentang “Reaktualisasi Ajaran Islam“ dengan mengedepankan aspek maslahah.  Dalam  hal  ini  Munawir  lebih mengkonkritkan lagi pada tiga kerangka metodologi yakni adat, nasakh dan maslahah. Lebih lanjut tulisan ini akan mengupas tentang garis besar pemikiran Munawir terutama pada masalah waris dan bunga bank, beserta argumen-argumen yang melatari konsep pemikirannya. Melalui pendekatan fikh dan ushul fikh, penulis akan menggali aspek pembaruan serta sedikit mengurai tentang pemikiran tokoh Indonesia yang lain sebagai pembanding, juga mengulas tentang beberapa polemik seputar konsep ijtihad yang ditawarkan oleh Munawir tersebut.

 

In the development of contemporary study of Islam, there grows an autunomous idea of source of law, that  is maslahah or maqashid asy-syariyyah. Lately, this concept has been growing to be a discipline that autonomously apart from ushul fiqh. Relatively new, this discipline has implisitely become a basic of thought for many Moslem intellectualists, including in Indonesia. Munawir Sadjali, one of those, proposed an idea of “Reactualize of Islam” by advancing aspect of maslahah. In this standpoint, Munawir concretize on three methodological frames, namely adat (tradition), nasakh, and maslahah. Further, this writing will analyse the outline of Munawair‟s reasoning, particullary on issues of  inheritance and bank interest, along with arguments of his background concept. Through fiqh and ushul fiqh approachment , the writer will dig up some aspects of renewal and a little of some other thoughts of Indonesian figures as comparators; and will also provide a review around polemic of  Munawir‟s idea on  concept of ijtihad.

 

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Published

2012-10-24

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 2 (2012): Memperkuat Citra Islam sebagai Agama Perdamaian

Section

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