Pengajaran Bahasa Arab Dengan Pendekatan Behavioristik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/an-nabighoh.v23i1.3223Keywords:
Teaching; Arabic; Behavioristic.Abstract
This study implicitly describes the participatory learning process of Arabic with a behavioristic approach. The research questions formulated are (1) how does the use of a behavioristic approach take place in the Arabic language learning process? (2) how the students' motivation before and after the use of a behavioristic approach; and (3) how effective is the use of a behavioristic approach in improving Arabic learning outcomes. This study uses a combined research approach to test learning competencies and the learning process. Respondents of the study were students of class V and VI Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Imam Lampung Timur totaling 35 students. The instruments used in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The results showed that the use of a behavioristic approach that was oriented towards providing stimulus-response continuously improved students' language acquisition. This acquisition is in the form of increased mastery of vocabulary, speaking, reading, and writing. A behavioristic approach to learning can improve Arabic learning outcomes. In addition to improving learning outcomes, a behavioristic approach can increase learning motivation. The increase in learning outcomes and learning motivation can be predicted because the behavioristic approach uses a pattern of repeated stimulus that is designed in a pleasant environment.
References
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Aziza, Lady Farah, dan Ariadi Muliansyah. “Keterampilan Berbahasa Arab Dengan Pendekatan Komprehensif.” El-Tsaqafah : Jurnal Jurusan PBA 19, no. 1 (2020): 56–71. https://doi.org/10.20414/tsaqafah.v19i1.2344.
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Bhattacharjee, Jayeeta. “Constructivist Approach to Learning– An Effective Approach of Teaching Learning.” International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS) 1, no. 6 (2015): 65–74.
Budiman, Asep. “Behaviorism and Foreign Language Teaching Methodology.” ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education 1, no. 2 (2017): 101. https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v1i2.171.
Camps, Joaquín, dan Antonio Majocchi. “Learning Atmosphere and Ethical Behavior, Does It Make Sense?” Journal of Business Ethics 94, no. 1 (2010): 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0253-3.
Canals, Laia. “The Effects of Virtual Exchanges on Oral Skills and Motivation.” Language Learning & Technology 24, no. 3 (2020): 103.
Ciroka, Ndricim. “The Impact of Operant Behaviorism on the Authentic Leader Development.” European Scientific Journal 11, no. 14 (2015): 409.
Clark, Kevin R. “Learning Theories: Behaviorism.” Radiologic Technology 90, no. 2 (2018). http://www.radiologictechnology.org/content/90/2/172.
Cook, David A, dan Anthony R Artino. “Motivation to learn: an overview of contemporary theories.” Medical Education 50, no. 10 (2016): 997. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13074.
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Glenn, Sigrid S., Maria E. Malott, Maria Amalia Pia Abib Andery, Marcelo Benvenuti, Ramona A. Houmanfar, Ingunn Sandaker, João Claudio Todorov, Emmanuel Zagury Tourinho, dan Laercia Abreu Vasconcelos. “Toward Consistent Terminology in a Behaviorist Approach to Cultural Analysis.” Behavior and Social Issues 25, no. 1 (2016): 11–27. https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v25i0.6634.
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Hindriana, Anna Fitri, dan Ina Setiawati. “The Development Of Authentic Asessment Rubric For Assesing Undergraduate Students’ Learning And Performance.” Indonesian Journal of Learning and Instruction 1, no. 1 (2018): 21–28. https://doi.org/10.25134/ijli.v1i1.1279.
Iswanto, Rahmat. “Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan Pemanfaatan Teknologi.” Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 1, no. 2 (2017): 139. https://doi.org/10.29240/jba.v1i2.286.
Jaques, Natasha, Sara Taylor, Asaph Azaria, Asma Ghandeharioun, Akane Sano, dan Rosalind Picard. “Predicting students’ happiness from physiology, phone, mobility, and behavioral data,” 222. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII.2015.7344575.
Kristiyani, Christina. “Materials and (Language) Learning Environment Based on Montessori Concepts.” LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching 21, no. 1 (2018): 46–54. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v21i1.1041.
Lalima, dan Kiran Lata Dangwal. “Blended Learning: An Innovative Approach.” Universal Journal of Educational Research 5, no. 1 (2017). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1124666.
Moeller, Aleidine J., dan Theresa Catalano. “Foreign Language Teaching and Learning.” Dalam International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 327. Oxford: Elsevier, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.92082-8.
Moerk, Ernst L. “A Behavioral Analysis of Controversial Topics in First Language Acquisition: Reinforcements, Corrections, Modeling, Input Frequencies, and the Three-Term Contingency Pattern.” Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 12, no. 2 (1983): 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01067408.
Muzaffar, Asyraf. “Derivasi Indikator Hasil Belajar Bahasa Arab.” LISANUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab dan Pembelajarannya 7, no. 2 (2018): 213. https://doi.org/10.22373/l.v7i2.3465.
Niekerk, Johan van, dan Paul Webb. “The Effectiveness of Brain-Compatible Blended Learning Material in the Teaching of Programming Logic.” Computers & Education 103 (2016): 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.09.008.
Nolen, Susan Bobbitt. “Learning Environment, Motivation, and Achievement in High School Science.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 40, no. 4 (2003): 347. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.10080.
Nordquist, Jonas, Jena Hall, Kelly Caverzagie, Linda Snell, Ming-Ka Chan, Brent Thoma, Saleem Razack, dan Ingrid Philibert. “The clinical learning environment.” Medical Teacher 41, no. 4 (2019): 366. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2019.1566601.
Nugrawiyati, Jepri. “Media Audio-Visual Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab.” El-Wasathiya: Jurnal Studi Agama 6, no. 1 (2018): 97. http://ejournal.kopertais4.or.id/mataraman/index.php/washatiya/article/view/3420.
Prior, Daniel D., Jason Mazanov, David Meacheam, Graham Heaslip, dan James Hanson. “Attitude, Digital Literacy and Self Efficacy: Flow-on Effects for Online Learning Behavior.” The Internet and Higher Education 29 (2016): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.01.001.
Rafi, Aisha, Ambreen Ansar, dan Muneeza Amir Sami. “The Implication of Positive Reinforcement Strategy in Dealing with Disruptive Behaviour in the Classroom: A Scoping Review.” Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 2 (2020): 173. https://doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1190.
Ridlo, Ubaid. “Language Environment Based on Multiple Intelligences at Islamic Boarding School.” Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Dan Kebahasaaraban 6, no. 1 (2019): 108. https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v6i1.11189.
Rosmayanti, Rin-Rin, dan Nanang Kosim. “Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Bahasa Arab Melalui Cooperative Learning Tipe Tebak Kata.” Al-Aulad: Journal of Islamic Primary Education 1, no. 2 (2018): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.15575/al-aulad.v1i2.3523.
Rusli, Radif Khotamir, dan M. A. Kholik. “Teori Belajar Dalam Psikologi Pendidikan.” Jurnal Sosial Humaniora 4, no. 2 (2013): 62. https://ojs.unida.ac.id/JSH/article/view/468.
Said, Rukman AR. “Fa’aliyyah Isti’mal al-Wasail al-Sam’iyyah wa al-Mar’iyyah li Tanmiyah Maharah al-Istima’ fi Ta’lim al-Lugah al-’Arabiyyah bi al-Madrasah al-Tsanawiyah as-’Adiyah Pengkendekan bi Al-Fashl al-Tsamin fi Luwu al-Syimaliyah.” AL IBRAH: Journal of Arabic Languange Education 1, no. 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.24256/jale.v1i1.365.
Setiawan, Akhmad Pandu. “Aplikasi Teori Behavioristik Dan Konstruktifistik Dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran Di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Raden Wijaya Mojokerto.” Ta’dibia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Agama Islam 6, no. 2 (2016): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.32616/tdb.v6.2.16.33-46.
Sharma, Rashmi, Manish Prateek, dan Ashok K. Sinha. “Use of Reinforcement Learning as a Challenge: A Review.” International Journal of Computer Applications 69, no. 22 (2013): 28–34. https://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume69/number22/12105-8332.
Shormani, Mohammed Q. “Mentalo-Behaviorist Approach to Language Acquisition.” Journal of Teaching and Teacher Education 02, no. 02 (2014). https://doi.org/10.12785/jtte/020201.
Suhendi, Herni Yuniarti, Muhammad Ali Ramdhani, dan Ferli S. Irwansyah. “Verification Concept of Assesment for Physics Education Student Learning Outcome.” International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.21 (2018): 321. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17181.
Sulzer-Azaroff, Beth. “The Shaping of Behaviorists: B.F. Skinner’s Influential Paper on Teaching Machines.” European Journal of Behavior Analysis 5, no. 2 (2004): 129. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2004.11434239.
Wijanarko, Yudi. “Model Pembelajaran Make a Match untuk Pembelajaran IPA yang Menyenangkan.” Taman Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Ke-SD-an 1, no. 1 (2017): 52–59. https://doi.org/10.30738/tc.v1i1.1579.
Zulkifli, Zulkifli, dan Nadjamuddin Royes. “Profesionalisme Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Materi Ajar Bahasa Arab Di MIN 1 Palembang.” JIP (Jurnal Ilmiah PGMI) 3, no. 2 (2017): 120. https://doi.org/10.19109/jip.v3i2.1646.
Adi, Habib Maulana Maslahul. “Teori Belajar Behaviorisme Albert Bandura Dan Implikasinya Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab.” LISANUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab Dan Pembelajarannya 10, no. 1 (2020): 22–31. https://doi.org/10.22373/ls.v10i1.7803.
Akla, Akla. “Pengajaran Bahasa Arab Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Kota Metro.” Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 6, no. 1 (2020): 23–36. https://e-journal.metrouniv.ac.id/index.php/elementary/article/view/2205.
Al-Ghamdi, Asmaa. “Building a Positive Environment in Classrooms through Feedback and Praise.” English Language Teaching 10, no. 6 (2017): 37–43. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1143458.
Aziza, Lady Farah, dan Ariadi Muliansyah. “Keterampilan Berbahasa Arab Dengan Pendekatan Komprehensif.” El-Tsaqafah : Jurnal Jurusan PBA 19, no. 1 (2020): 56–71. https://doi.org/10.20414/tsaqafah.v19i1.2344.
Berthelot, David, Nicholas Carlini, Ian Goodfellow, Nicolas Papernot, Avital Oliver, dan Colin Raffel. “MixMatch: A Holistic Approach to Semi-Supervised Learning.” 33rd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 2019. http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.02249.
Bhattacharjee, Jayeeta. “Constructivist Approach to Learning– An Effective Approach of Teaching Learning.” International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS) 1, no. 6 (2015): 65–74.
Budiman, Asep. “Behaviorism and Foreign Language Teaching Methodology.” ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education 1, no. 2 (2017): 101. https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v1i2.171.
Camps, Joaquín, dan Antonio Majocchi. “Learning Atmosphere and Ethical Behavior, Does It Make Sense?” Journal of Business Ethics 94, no. 1 (2010): 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0253-3.
Canals, Laia. “The Effects of Virtual Exchanges on Oral Skills and Motivation.” Language Learning & Technology 24, no. 3 (2020): 103.
Ciroka, Ndricim. “The Impact of Operant Behaviorism on the Authentic Leader Development.” European Scientific Journal 11, no. 14 (2015): 409.
Clark, Kevin R. “Learning Theories: Behaviorism.” Radiologic Technology 90, no. 2 (2018). http://www.radiologictechnology.org/content/90/2/172.
Cook, David A, dan Anthony R Artino. “Motivation to learn: an overview of contemporary theories.” Medical Education 50, no. 10 (2016): 997. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13074.
East, Martin. “Research into Practice: The Task-Based Approach to Instructed Second Language Acquisition.” Language Teaching 50, no. 3 (2017): 412. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026144481700009X.
Fuadiah, Nyiayu Fahriza, Didi Suryadi, dan Turmudi. “Teaching and Learning Activities in Classroom and Their Impact on Student Misunderstanding: A Case Study on Negative Integers.” International Journal of Instruction 12, no. 1 (2019): 407. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1201231.
Glenn, Sigrid S., Maria E. Malott, Maria Amalia Pia Abib Andery, Marcelo Benvenuti, Ramona A. Houmanfar, Ingunn Sandaker, João Claudio Todorov, Emmanuel Zagury Tourinho, dan Laercia Abreu Vasconcelos. “Toward Consistent Terminology in a Behaviorist Approach to Cultural Analysis.” Behavior and Social Issues 25, no. 1 (2016): 11–27. https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v25i0.6634.
Gopalan, Valarmathie, Juliana Aida Abu Bakar, Abdul Nasir Zulkifli, Asmidah Alwi, dan Ruzinoor Che Mat. “A review of the motivation theories in learning.” AIP Conference Proceedings 1891, no. 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5005376.
Harandi, Safiyeh Rajaee. “Effects of E-Learning on Students’ Motivation.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 181 (2015): 423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.905.
Hindriana, Anna Fitri, dan Ina Setiawati. “The Development Of Authentic Asessment Rubric For Assesing Undergraduate Students’ Learning And Performance.” Indonesian Journal of Learning and Instruction 1, no. 1 (2018): 21–28. https://doi.org/10.25134/ijli.v1i1.1279.
Iswanto, Rahmat. “Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan Pemanfaatan Teknologi.” Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 1, no. 2 (2017): 139. https://doi.org/10.29240/jba.v1i2.286.
Jaques, Natasha, Sara Taylor, Asaph Azaria, Asma Ghandeharioun, Akane Sano, dan Rosalind Picard. “Predicting students’ happiness from physiology, phone, mobility, and behavioral data,” 222. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII.2015.7344575.
Kristiyani, Christina. “Materials and (Language) Learning Environment Based on Montessori Concepts.” LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching 21, no. 1 (2018): 46–54. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v21i1.1041.
Lalima, dan Kiran Lata Dangwal. “Blended Learning: An Innovative Approach.” Universal Journal of Educational Research 5, no. 1 (2017). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1124666.
Moeller, Aleidine J., dan Theresa Catalano. “Foreign Language Teaching and Learning.” Dalam International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 327. Oxford: Elsevier, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.92082-8.
Moerk, Ernst L. “A Behavioral Analysis of Controversial Topics in First Language Acquisition: Reinforcements, Corrections, Modeling, Input Frequencies, and the Three-Term Contingency Pattern.” Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 12, no. 2 (1983): 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01067408.
Muzaffar, Asyraf. “Derivasi Indikator Hasil Belajar Bahasa Arab.” LISANUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab dan Pembelajarannya 7, no. 2 (2018): 213. https://doi.org/10.22373/l.v7i2.3465.
Niekerk, Johan van, dan Paul Webb. “The Effectiveness of Brain-Compatible Blended Learning Material in the Teaching of Programming Logic.” Computers & Education 103 (2016): 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.09.008.
Nolen, Susan Bobbitt. “Learning Environment, Motivation, and Achievement in High School Science.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 40, no. 4 (2003): 347. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.10080.
Nordquist, Jonas, Jena Hall, Kelly Caverzagie, Linda Snell, Ming-Ka Chan, Brent Thoma, Saleem Razack, dan Ingrid Philibert. “The clinical learning environment.” Medical Teacher 41, no. 4 (2019): 366. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2019.1566601.
Nugrawiyati, Jepri. “Media Audio-Visual Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab.” El-Wasathiya: Jurnal Studi Agama 6, no. 1 (2018): 97. http://ejournal.kopertais4.or.id/mataraman/index.php/washatiya/article/view/3420.
Prior, Daniel D., Jason Mazanov, David Meacheam, Graham Heaslip, dan James Hanson. “Attitude, Digital Literacy and Self Efficacy: Flow-on Effects for Online Learning Behavior.” The Internet and Higher Education 29 (2016): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.01.001.
Rafi, Aisha, Ambreen Ansar, dan Muneeza Amir Sami. “The Implication of Positive Reinforcement Strategy in Dealing with Disruptive Behaviour in the Classroom: A Scoping Review.” Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 2 (2020): 173. https://doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1190.
Ridlo, Ubaid. “Language Environment Based on Multiple Intelligences at Islamic Boarding School.” Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Dan Kebahasaaraban 6, no. 1 (2019): 108. https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v6i1.11189.
Rosmayanti, Rin-Rin, dan Nanang Kosim. “Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Bahasa Arab Melalui Cooperative Learning Tipe Tebak Kata.” Al-Aulad: Journal of Islamic Primary Education 1, no. 2 (2018): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.15575/al-aulad.v1i2.3523.
Rusli, Radif Khotamir, dan M. A. Kholik. “Teori Belajar Dalam Psikologi Pendidikan.” Jurnal Sosial Humaniora 4, no. 2 (2013): 62. https://ojs.unida.ac.id/JSH/article/view/468.
Said, Rukman AR. “Fa’aliyyah Isti’mal al-Wasail al-Sam’iyyah wa al-Mar’iyyah li Tanmiyah Maharah al-Istima’ fi Ta’lim al-Lugah al-’Arabiyyah bi al-Madrasah al-Tsanawiyah as-’Adiyah Pengkendekan bi Al-Fashl al-Tsamin fi Luwu al-Syimaliyah.” AL IBRAH: Journal of Arabic Languange Education 1, no. 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.24256/jale.v1i1.365.
Setiawan, Akhmad Pandu. “Aplikasi Teori Behavioristik Dan Konstruktifistik Dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran Di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Raden Wijaya Mojokerto.” Ta’dibia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Agama Islam 6, no. 2 (2016): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.32616/tdb.v6.2.16.33-46.
Sharma, Rashmi, Manish Prateek, dan Ashok K. Sinha. “Use of Reinforcement Learning as a Challenge: A Review.” International Journal of Computer Applications 69, no. 22 (2013): 28–34. https://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume69/number22/12105-8332.
Shormani, Mohammed Q. “Mentalo-Behaviorist Approach to Language Acquisition.” Journal of Teaching and Teacher Education 02, no. 02 (2014). https://doi.org/10.12785/jtte/020201.
Suhendi, Herni Yuniarti, Muhammad Ali Ramdhani, dan Ferli S. Irwansyah. “Verification Concept of Assesment for Physics Education Student Learning Outcome.” International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.21 (2018): 321. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17181.
Sulzer-Azaroff, Beth. “The Shaping of Behaviorists: B.F. Skinner’s Influential Paper on Teaching Machines.” European Journal of Behavior Analysis 5, no. 2 (2004): 129. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2004.11434239.
Wijanarko, Yudi. “Model Pembelajaran Make a Match untuk Pembelajaran IPA yang Menyenangkan.” Taman Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Ke-SD-an 1, no. 1 (2017): 52–59. https://doi.org/10.30738/tc.v1i1.1579.
Zulkifli, Zulkifli, dan Nadjamuddin Royes. “Profesionalisme Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Materi Ajar Bahasa Arab Di MIN 1 Palembang.” JIP (Jurnal Ilmiah PGMI) 3, no. 2 (2017): 120. https://doi.org/10.19109/jip.v3i2.1646.
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2021-06-30
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