The Rationality of Talāq in Islamic Family Law: Thoughts of Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/ym6ngz61Keywords:
Ta‘lik Ṭalāq, Legal Rationality, Islamic Family LawAbstract
This article examines the rationale of ta‘lik ṭalāq (conditional divorce) in Islamic family law through the jurisprudential paradigm of Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. While existing literature primarily focuses on the formal-textual validity of conditional divorce, a gap remains in applying classical teleological jurisprudence to reconcile the friction between static normative doctrines and extrajudicial practices in Indonesia. This qualitative study analyzes Ibn Qayyim’s foundational treatises using a normative-philosophical approach grounded in maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Findings reveal that Ibn Qayyim conceptualizes ta‘lik ṭalāq not as a formalistic procedure, but as a teleological mechanism contingent on intentionality, equity, and socio-legal utility (maṣlaḥah). Consequently, this research advances contemporary Islamic family law discourse by deconstructing rigid legalism and recontextualizing ta‘lik ṭalāq from a mere instrument of marital dissolution into a proactive mechanism for social justice. Furthermore, it provides a conceptual framework for state institutions to regulate conditional divorce, thereby protecting marginalized women and dependents in modern Muslim families.
References
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Ali, Ahmad, Sameer Ul Khaliqjan, Sajjad Ali Khan, Hussain Ali, SHAKEEL Ahmad, Muhammad Zakriya, Abdul Shakoor, Amir Alam, and TAHIR Mahmood. “A Cross Sectional Analysis of Immorality and Divorce in Traditional Society.” Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 63, no. 3 (2022): 200–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10502556.2021.199302.
Alqudah, Ghaith Hani O, and Orwah Dwairi. “The Rights of Christians in Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya’s Book: Rulings for Non-Muslims ‘Aḥkām Ahl Al-Dhimma’and Their Alignment with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Objectives of Islamic Law.” International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 1, no. aop (2026): 1–32.
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Armstrong, Chanda. “Key Methods Used in Qualitative Document Analysis.” OSF Preprints 1 (2021): 9. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3996213.
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Bhaghamma, G. “A Comparative Analysis of Doctrinal and Non-Doctrinal Legal Research.” ILE Journal of Governance and Policy Review 1, no. 1 (2023): 88–94.
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Farahat, Omar. “Generality and Exception in Islamic Legal Theory: Intent, Language, and the Jurist’s Role.” The American Journal of Comparative Law 72, no. 2 (2024): 292–323.
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Iman, Rifqi Qowiyul. “Divorce And Its Practices Before A Religious Court : A.” Jurnal Hukum Islam, 2024. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/alhurriyah.v9i1.8066.
Khan, Lubna Ameen, Muhammad Asim Shahbaz, and Fouzia Ayub. “Sunnah, Scientific Method and the Law: Foundations for an Islamic Response to Technological Civilization.” Journal of Religion and Society 4, no. 01 (2025): 943–71.
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Marlow, Christine R. Research Methods for Generalist Social Work. Waveland Press, 2023.
Mitchell, Matthew. “Analyzing the Law Qualitatively.” Qualitative Research Journal 23, no. 1 (2023): 102–13.
Muhammad, Muhammad. “Research Methods in Religious Studies: Focus On Islamic Methodology and Ethics,” 2026.
Ni’ami. “Islamicjurisprudenceperspective In Thepractice Of Divorce Due To Taklik Talak.” Jurnal Hukum Islam 11 (2022). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38073/rasikh.v11i2.865.
Ningsih, Ayu Sari. “Reforming Islamic Family Law: The Relevance of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah’s Concept of Legal Change.” Jurnal Ilmiah MIZANI 12 (2025). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/mzn.v12i1.7087.
Ningsih, Ayu Sari, and Nency Dela Oktora. “Reforming Islamic Family Law : The Relevance of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah ’ s Concept of Legal Change” 12, no. 02 (2025): 392–405.
Nurhadi. “Analysis Of L Sis Of Lafadz Ta’liq Talak In Isl Ak In Islamic Law Perspec Perspective And Civil L Tive And Civil Law Of Marriage/Compil Ge/Compilation Of Tion Of Islamic Law.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 49 (2023). https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no3.2198.
Nuroniyah, Wardah, Al Azkiya, Mohammad Azka, Abdul Wahid, Fatimah Lubabiyah Labib Shodiq, and Bani Syarif Maula. “Assessing Indonesia and Malaysia’s Legal Responsiveness to Domestic Violence Victims within Islamic Law Framework.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 19, no. 2 (2025).
Nurrochma & Muh.Hamzah. “Conditions Of Divorce In The Progressive View Of Female Scholars From Nahdlatul Ulama And Muhammadiyah In Pamekasan District.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam 22, no. 1 (2023): 37–41.
Omhani, Habita. “Speech Acts in Ibn Al- Qayyim ’ s Juristic ( U Ṣūlī ) Ijtihād : A Pragmatic Approach” 15, no. 4 (2025): 2892–2914.
Purwanto. “The Implementation of Maqasid Al-Sharia Values in Economic Transactions of The Java Community.” KnE Social Sciences, no. The 3rd International Conference on Advance & Scientific Innovation (ICASI) (2022): 120–29. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i10.11351.
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Shiddieqy, Ahmad Ash, Akhmad Roja Badrus Zaman, Sumayyah Faqihah, Muhammad Nur Fathoni, and Dinda Difia Madina. “Integrating Islamic Family Law and Gender Equality: A Comparative Study of Legal Reform and Social Norms in Contemporary Indonesia and Morocco.” Legitima: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 7, no. 2 (2025): 165–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33367/legitima.v7i2.7101.
Syuhada, Erwin Febrian. “Pendekatan Maqasid Syariah Dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Pada Sertifikasi Halal.” Ekonomi Syari’ah 11 (2023). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55799/tawazun.v11i02.332.
Umami, Ulul, and Abdul Ghofur. “Human Rights in Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah Al-Āmmah: A Perspective of Ibn ‘Āshūr.” Al-Ahkam 32, no. 1 (2022): 87–108.
Wijayati, Mufliha, Muhamad Nasrudin, Tutik Hamidah, Nency Dela Oktora, and Ibnu Hasan Muchtar. “‘The New Men’: The Rahima’s Experiences in the Gender Sensitivity Construction among Marriage Registrar in Lampung Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 3 (2023): 1489–1513. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.17666.
Yang, Ji-Hye, Hye Jin Yang, Si Cheol Jung, Chulhwan Choi, and Chul-Ho Bum. “Comparative Analysis of Stroke, Marital Intimacy, Marital Satisfaction and Divorce Intention According to the Type of Participation in Marital Leisure Sports Activities.” Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 757.
Yaqin, Ach Ainul, S J Fadil, and Zaenul Mahmudi. “Reinterpreting Talik Talak in Indonesia: Harmonizing Fiqh and the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia.” At-Tafkir 18, no. 2 (2025): 103–17.
Ab Latif, Liana, and Hidayatul Sakinah Mohd Zulkifli. “Imam Al-Ghazali’s Concept of Masalih Mursalah in Informal Talaq Ta ‘liq: A Critical Study of Selected Selangor Syariah Court Cases.” Internasional Journal Of Akademic Research In Business& Social Sciences 15 (2025). https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v15-i3/24812.
Ahmed, Habib. “Islamic Normative Legal Theory: Framework and Applications.” Journal of Law and Religion, 2025, 1–31. https://doi.org/:10.1017/jlr.2025.10056.
Aldbyani, Aamer, and Mohammed Fahd Obaid Al-Harbi. “Five Dimensions of Islamic Mindfulness and Their Parallels with the Five Facets of Secular Mindfulness: A Narrative Theoretical Review.” Mindfulness, 2026, 1–12.
Ali, Ahmad, Sameer Ul Khaliqjan, Sajjad Ali Khan, Hussain Ali, SHAKEEL Ahmad, Muhammad Zakriya, Abdul Shakoor, Amir Alam, and TAHIR Mahmood. “A Cross Sectional Analysis of Immorality and Divorce in Traditional Society.” Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 63, no. 3 (2022): 200–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10502556.2021.199302.
Alqudah, Ghaith Hani O, and Orwah Dwairi. “The Rights of Christians in Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya’s Book: Rulings for Non-Muslims ‘Aḥkām Ahl Al-Dhimma’and Their Alignment with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Objectives of Islamic Law.” International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 1, no. aop (2026): 1–32.
Anshori, Ahmad Yani. “The Contestation of Legal Foundations in the Resolution of Islamic Economic Disputes in Religious Courts.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 18, no. 2 (2024).
Armstrong, Chanda. “Key Methods Used in Qualitative Document Analysis.” OSF Preprints 1 (2021): 9. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3996213.
Astuti, Putri Widi, and Tri Prastio. “Post-Divorce Rights of Women and Children” 1, no. 2 (2022): 203–13.
Bagakashvili, Islam. “Ibn Taymiyyah: The Doctrine of Jihad and His Modern Reception,” 2023.
Bhaghamma, G. “A Comparative Analysis of Doctrinal and Non-Doctrinal Legal Research.” ILE Journal of Governance and Policy Review 1, no. 1 (2023): 88–94.
Busriyanti, Busriyanti, Pujiono Pujiono, and Umar Chamdan. “Marriage Law Reform in Indonesia A Maqasid Al-Usrah Perspective on Legal Adaptation.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 10, no. 2 (2025): 631–49.
Cicourel, Aaron V. “Kinship, Marriage, and Divorce in Comparative Family Law.” Cambridge Journals 1 (2024). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3052936.
El-Jaichi, Saer, and Joshua A Sabih. “Preventing Harm.” Perspectives on Terrorism 16, no. 1 (2022): 46–59.
Farahat, Omar. “Generality and Exception in Islamic Legal Theory: Intent, Language, and the Jurist’s Role.” The American Journal of Comparative Law 72, no. 2 (2024): 292–323.
Fathima Sherin, Udhayakumar Palaniswamy &Aswathy Kunjumon. “The Causes of Divorce and Its Effects on Women: A Systematic Review.” Marriage & Family Review, 2025, 1–36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2025.2484781.
Hafidz, Maida. “Penerapan Teori QIRĀ’AH MUBĀDALAH Terhadap Analisis Waktu Dan Jumlah Jatuhnya Dalam Konsep Talak Tiga Sekaligus.” Jurnal Studi Islam 14, no. 1 (2022): 22–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47945/tasamuh.v14i1.584.
Hallaq, Wael B. Law and Legal Theory in Classical and Medieval Islam. London: Routledge, 2022. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003278856.
Hamid, Asrul, and Dedisyah Putra. “The Existence of New Direction in Islamic Law Reform Based on The Construction of Ibnu Qayyim Al-Jauziyah’s Thought.” JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 20, no. 2 (2021): 247.
Hanan Rizq, Abu Mukh. “Divorce and Women’s Rights in Palestine: Navigating Islamic Law and Empowerment.” The Family Journal, 2025, 10664807251396950.
Hassan, Omar Mahmoud. “The Change of Time and Place and Its Impact on The Change of Fatwa (Contemporary Applied Study).” Russian Law Journal 11, no. 8S (2023): 77–92.
Huntington, Clare. “Parental Rights.” The University of Chicago Law Review 91, no. 2 (2024): 503–12.
Ibrahim, Abdul Halim, and Muhammad Safwan Harun. “Applying the Concepts of Benefit and Harm in Malaysian Bioethical Discourse: Analysis of Malaysian Fatwa.” Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 21, no. 3 (2024): 401–14.
Iman, Rifqi Qowiyul. “Divorce And Its Practices Before A Religious Court : A.” Jurnal Hukum Islam, 2024. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/alhurriyah.v9i1.8066.
Khan, Lubna Ameen, Muhammad Asim Shahbaz, and Fouzia Ayub. “Sunnah, Scientific Method and the Law: Foundations for an Islamic Response to Technological Civilization.” Journal of Religion and Society 4, no. 01 (2025): 943–71.
LaBrenz, Catherine A, Saltanat Childress, Erica D Robinson, Margaret Lloyd Sieger, and Jessica Ontiberos. “Reasonable Efforts to Preserve Families? An Examination of Service Utilization and Child Removal.” Child Abuse & Neglect 128 (2022): 105631.
Marlow, Christine R. Research Methods for Generalist Social Work. Waveland Press, 2023.
Mitchell, Matthew. “Analyzing the Law Qualitatively.” Qualitative Research Journal 23, no. 1 (2023): 102–13.
Muhammad, Muhammad. “Research Methods in Religious Studies: Focus On Islamic Methodology and Ethics,” 2026.
Ni’ami. “Islamicjurisprudenceperspective In Thepractice Of Divorce Due To Taklik Talak.” Jurnal Hukum Islam 11 (2022). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38073/rasikh.v11i2.865.
Ningsih, Ayu Sari. “Reforming Islamic Family Law: The Relevance of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah’s Concept of Legal Change.” Jurnal Ilmiah MIZANI 12 (2025). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/mzn.v12i1.7087.
Ningsih, Ayu Sari, and Nency Dela Oktora. “Reforming Islamic Family Law : The Relevance of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah ’ s Concept of Legal Change” 12, no. 02 (2025): 392–405.
Nurhadi. “Analysis Of L Sis Of Lafadz Ta’liq Talak In Isl Ak In Islamic Law Perspec Perspective And Civil L Tive And Civil Law Of Marriage/Compil Ge/Compilation Of Tion Of Islamic Law.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 49 (2023). https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no3.2198.
Nuroniyah, Wardah, Al Azkiya, Mohammad Azka, Abdul Wahid, Fatimah Lubabiyah Labib Shodiq, and Bani Syarif Maula. “Assessing Indonesia and Malaysia’s Legal Responsiveness to Domestic Violence Victims within Islamic Law Framework.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 19, no. 2 (2025).
Nurrochma & Muh.Hamzah. “Conditions Of Divorce In The Progressive View Of Female Scholars From Nahdlatul Ulama And Muhammadiyah In Pamekasan District.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam 22, no. 1 (2023): 37–41.
Omhani, Habita. “Speech Acts in Ibn Al- Qayyim ’ s Juristic ( U Ṣūlī ) Ijtihād : A Pragmatic Approach” 15, no. 4 (2025): 2892–2914.
Purwanto. “The Implementation of Maqasid Al-Sharia Values in Economic Transactions of The Java Community.” KnE Social Sciences, no. The 3rd International Conference on Advance & Scientific Innovation (ICASI) (2022): 120–29. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i10.11351.
Rinaldo, Rachel, and Tracy Fehr. “‘I Have a Right to A Better Imam’: Divorce, Islam, and Changing Marriage Ideals in Indonesia.” Critical Asian Studies, 2025, 1–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2025.2578796.
Rizani, Akhmad Kamil, Muchimah Muchimah, Reza Noor Ihsan, and Aris Sunandar Suradilaga. “The Essence of Marriage Agreement as Protection in the Indonesian Marriage Law System.” Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) 6, no. 2 (2024): 160–71.
Saini. “Transformasi Talak Dan Dekonstruksi Fiqh (Legitimasi Baru Dalam Hukum Islam Berbasis Maqashid Syariah).” Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum Islam 3 (2024). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47902/jshi.v3i1.420.
Saputra, Aris, Ermagusti Ermagusti, and Efendi i. “The Essence of Ridha: Ibn Qayyim Al-Jauziyah’s Views on Spiritual Fulfillment and Divine Acceptance.” Islamic Thought Review 2, no. 1 (2024): 73–82. https://doi.org/t Review http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/itr.v2i1.7461.
Saruhan, Müfit Selim. “Intersections of Religion and Ethics: A Philosophical Analysis within Islamic Thought.” International Journal of Islamic Thought 28 (2025): 90–103.
Shiddieqy, Ahmad Ash, Akhmad Roja Badrus Zaman, Sumayyah Faqihah, Muhammad Nur Fathoni, and Dinda Difia Madina. “Integrating Islamic Family Law and Gender Equality: A Comparative Study of Legal Reform and Social Norms in Contemporary Indonesia and Morocco.” Legitima: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 7, no. 2 (2025): 165–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33367/legitima.v7i2.7101.
Syuhada, Erwin Febrian. “Pendekatan Maqasid Syariah Dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Pada Sertifikasi Halal.” Ekonomi Syari’ah 11 (2023). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55799/tawazun.v11i02.332.
Umami, Ulul, and Abdul Ghofur. “Human Rights in Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah Al-Āmmah: A Perspective of Ibn ‘Āshūr.” Al-Ahkam 32, no. 1 (2022): 87–108.
Wijayati, Mufliha, Muhamad Nasrudin, Tutik Hamidah, Nency Dela Oktora, and Ibnu Hasan Muchtar. “‘The New Men’: The Rahima’s Experiences in the Gender Sensitivity Construction among Marriage Registrar in Lampung Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 3 (2023): 1489–1513. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.17666.
Yang, Ji-Hye, Hye Jin Yang, Si Cheol Jung, Chulhwan Choi, and Chul-Ho Bum. “Comparative Analysis of Stroke, Marital Intimacy, Marital Satisfaction and Divorce Intention According to the Type of Participation in Marital Leisure Sports Activities.” Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 757.
Yaqin, Ach Ainul, S J Fadil, and Zaenul Mahmudi. “Reinterpreting Talik Talak in Indonesia: Harmonizing Fiqh and the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia.” At-Tafkir 18, no. 2 (2025): 103–17.
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