The Legal Status of Private University Lecturers Appointed under Employment Contracts with Foundations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v23i01.13450Keywords:
Private Lecturers, Employment Contracts, Foundations, Legal StatusAbstract
The appointment of lecturers at private universities by foundations through employment agreements creates legal complexities because it places lecturers at the intersection of education law and labor law regimes. This situation generates uncertainty regarding the legal status of lecturers and the appropriate dispute resolution forum when conflicts arise between lecturers and foundations. This study aims to analyze the legal relationship between lecturers and foundations based on the Foundation Law and the Teachers and Lecturers Law and to examine whether disputes arising from such relationships should be classified as industrial relations disputes or other judicial jurisdictions based on the substance of the dispute itself. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal a discrepancy between legal norms that position lecturers as professionals within the higher education system and the practice of appointment through employment agreements that tend to resemble industrial relations. Consequently, the legal status of lecturers reflects a hybrid relationship combining professional and contractual employment dimensions. Therefore, disputes between lecturers and foundations cannot automatically be categorized as industrial relations disputes but must instead be assessed based on the substance of the dispute, the source of rights involved, and the character of the underlying legal relationship. Theoretically, this study strengthens the concept of hybrid legal relationships in the legal status of private university lecturers; practically, it provides an argumentative basis for developing more legally certain mechanisms for lecturer appointments and dispute resolution.
[Pengangkatan dosen perguruan tinggi swasta oleh yayasan melalui perjanjian kerja menimbulkan problematika hukum karena menempatkan dosen pada persimpangan antara rezim hukum pendidikan dan hukum ketenagakerjaan. Kondisi ini memunculkan ketidakjelasan mengenai status hukum dosen serta forum penyelesaian sengketa yang berwenang ketika terjadi konflik antara dosen dan yayasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi hubungan hukum antara dosen dan yayasan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Yayasan dan Undang-Undang Guru dan Dosen, serta mengkaji kualifikasi sengketa yang timbul apakah termasuk perselisihan hubungan industrial atau yurisdiksi peradilan lainnya berdasarkan substansi sengketa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara norma hukum yang menempatkan dosen sebagai tenaga profesional dengan praktik pengangkatan melalui perjanjian kerja yang cenderung membentuk hubungan industrial. Akibatnya, kedudukan hukum dosen menjadi bersifat campuran antara hubungan profesional dan hubungan kerja kontraktual. Oleh karena itu, sengketa antara dosen dan yayasan tidak dapat secara otomatis dikualifikasikan sebagai perselisihan hubungan industrial, melainkan harus dinilai berdasarkan substansi, sumber hak, dan karakter hubungan hukum yang mendasarinya. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperkuat konsep hubungan hukum campuran dalam status dosen perguruan tinggi swasta; secara praktis, penelitian ini memberikan dasar argumentatif bagi perumusan mekanisme pengangkatan dan penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih memberikan kepastian hukum].
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