From Fragmentation to Integration: Reconstructing the Handling of Domestic Violence Through the Synergy of Criminal Law and Family Law

Authors

  • Fathul Mu’in Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
  • Rudi Santoso Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
  • Ahmad Burhanudin Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
  • Miswanto Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
  • Zainudin Hasan Universitas Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v23i01.13014

Keywords:

Domestic Violence, Criminal Law, Family Law, Legal Synergy

Abstract

Domestic violence is a recurring legal and social problem with serious consequences for human dignity and family integrity. In Indonesia, the handling of domestic violence generally relies on criminal law through Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, while family law regulates its implications for marital and family relationships, including divorce, maintenance, child custody, and post-divorce rights. However, the implementation of these two legal regimes remains separate and fragmented and, therefore, has not provided comprehensive protection and recovery for victims. This study aims to reconstruct the handling of domestic violence through synergy between criminal law and family law to achieve substantive justice. It employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches. The findings demonstrate that criminal law plays a role in ensuring offender accountability and creating a deterrent effect, whereas family law focuses on victim protection, resolution of family relationships, and fulfilment of family members’ rights. This study formulates an Integrated Criminal-Family Law Synergy Model consisting of five stages: early risk assessment and emergency protection, parallel activation of criminal-law and family-law mechanisms, judicial and institutional coordination, victim recovery and fulfilment of victims’ and children’s rights, and post-decision monitoring to prevent repeated violence. The model negotiates the punitive orientation of criminal law with the protective and relational orientation of family law so that domestic violence handling is not limited to punishment but also guarantees victim safety, family-law remedies, recovery, and substantive justice.

[Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga merupakan persoalan hukum dan sosial yang terus berulang serta berdampak serius terhadap martabat individu dan keutuhan keluarga. Di Indonesia, penanganan kekerasan domestik pada umumnya bertumpu pada hukum pidana melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga, sementara hukum keluarga mengatur implikasinya dalam relasi perkawinan dan keluarga, termasuk perceraian, nafkah, pengasuhan anak, dan hak-hak pascaperceraian. Namun, penerapan kedua rezim hukum tersebut masih bersifat terpisah dan parsial, sehingga belum mampu memberikan perlindungan dan pemulihan korban secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi penanganan kekerasan domestik melalui sinergi antara hukum pidana dan hukum keluarga guna mewujudkan keadilan substantif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, kasus, dan perbandingan terbatas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum pidana berperan dalam menjamin pertanggungjawaban pelaku dan memberikan efek jera, sedangkan hukum keluarga berorientasi pada perlindungan korban, penyelesaian hubungan keluarga, serta pemenuhan hak-hak anggota keluarga. Penelitian ini merumuskan Model Sinergi Hukum Pidana-Hukum Keluarga Terpadu yang terdiri atas lima tahap, yaitu penilaian risiko awal dan perlindungan darurat; aktivasi paralel mekanisme hukum pidana dan hukum keluarga; koordinasi peradilan dan kelembagaan; pemulihan korban serta pemenuhan hak korban dan anak; serta pemantauan pascaputusan untuk mencegah kekerasan berulang. Model ini menegosiasikan orientasi pemidanaan dalam hukum pidana dengan orientasi perlindungan dan relasional dalam hukum keluarga sehingga penanganan kekerasan domestik tidak berhenti pada penghukuman, tetapi juga menjamin keamanan korban, penyelesaian hak-hak keluarga, pemulihan, dan keadilan substantif].

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

From Fragmentation to Integration: Reconstructing the Handling of Domestic Violence Through the Synergy of Criminal Law and Family Law. (2026). Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum, 23(01), 133-152. https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v23i01.13014

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