Effectiveness of Law in the Policy of Restricting the Operation of Goods Vehicles

Annie Myranika; Dian Yulviani; Siti Humulhaer; Dwi Nur Afrianto

doi:10.32332/istinbath.v22i02.art04

Authors

Annie Myranika Syekh-Yusuf Islamic University, Tangerang, Indonesia
Dian Yulviani Syekh-Yusuf Islamic University, Tangerang, Indonesia
Siti Humulhaer Syekh-Yusuf Islamic University, Tangerang, Indonesia
Dwi Nur Afrianto Syekh-Yusuf Islamic University, Tangerang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v22i02.art04

Keywords:

Regent Regulation, Law Enforcement, Legal Effectiveness, Policy Implementation, Road Safety

Abstract

Indonesia, as a country governed by the rule of law, places law as the primary instrument for ensuring certainty, justice, and benefit. In this context, Tangerang Regent Regulation No. 12 of 2022 was enacted as a strategic policy to reduce the rate of traffic accidents involving goods vehicles, especially dump trucks and heavy vehicles. However, its implementation faces various challenges. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of this regulation from both normative and empirical perspectives. This study uses an empirical legal method with a descriptive analytical approach. The research data were obtained through observation and interviews with the Transportation Agency officials and the Tigaraksa community. The results show that although the substance of the regulation is appropriate, its effectiveness is still hampered by limited personnel, monitoring facilities, and low legal awareness among truck drivers. However, there are supporting factors in the form of inter-agency coordination, community participation, and a decrease in violations at several vulnerable points. Overall, this study shows that the regulations have provided a relevant regulatory framework to reduce public transportation accidents, but their practical impact is still hampered by limitations in enforcement and infrastructure, thus requiring the strengthening of monitoring mechanisms and increasing drivers’ legal awareness.

[Indonesia sebagai negara hukum menempatkan hukum sebagai instrumen utama dalam menjamin kepastian, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan. Dalam konteks tersebut, Peraturan Bupati Tangerang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 ditetapkan sebagai kebijakan strategis untuk menekan tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas yang melibatkan mobil barang, terutama truk tanah dan kendaraan berat lainnya. Meskipun demikian, implementasinya masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas regulasi tersebut dari aspek normatif maupun empiris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan aparat Dinas Perhubungan serta masyarakat Tigaraksa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun substansi peraturan telah sesuai kebutuhan, efektivitas penerapan masih terkendala oleh keterbatasan personel, sarana pengawasan, serta rendahnya kesadaran hukum pengemudi. Namun demikian, terdapat faktor pendukung berupa koordinasi antarinstansi, partisipasi masyarakat, serta adanya penurunan pelanggaran di sejumlah titik rawan. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa regulasi telah menyediakan kerangka regulasi yang relevan untuk menurunkan kecelakaan kendaraan angkutan, namun dampak praktisnya masih terhambat oleh keterbatasan penegakan dan infrastruktur, sehingga diperlukan penguatan mekanisme pengawasan serta peningkatan kesadaran hukum para pengemudi].

References

Alexander, Oktavianus, and Reni Dwi Purnomowati. Retribusi Izin Trayek Di Kabupaten Bogor 2022 Berdasarkan Perda No. 13 Tahun 2011. 7, no. 13 (2025): 582–93.

Asshiddiqie, Jimly. Penegakan Hukum. 2007, 1–6.

Atmasasmita, Romli. Reformasi Hukum, Hak Asasi Manusia & Penegakan Hukum. Bandung: Mandar maju, 2001.

Attamimi, A Hamid S. Teori Perundang-Undangan Indonesia. 2021.

Bhuiyan, M.F.H., A. Awasthi, and C. Wang. “Investigating the Impact of Access-Timing-Sizing Regulations on Urban Logistics.” International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management 20, no. 2 (2015): 216–38. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLSM.2015.067257.

Casey, G.J., T. Miles-Johnson, and G.J. Stevens. “Lack of Consistency in Truck Driver Fatigue Management: Australian Law Enforcement Officer’s and Transport Regulation Agent’s Perceptions of Enforcement.” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 112 (2025): 322–41. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2025.04.007.

Chen, C., and Y. Xie. “The Impacts of Multiple Rest-Break Periods on Commercial Truck Driver’s Crash Risk.” Journal of Safety Research 48 (2014): 87–93. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2013.12.003.

Dablanc, L., and A. Montenon. “Impacts of Environmental Access Restrictions on Freight Delivery Activities Example of Low Emissions Zones in Europe.” Transportation Research Record 2478 (2015): 12–18. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3141/2478-02.

Dempsey, R.P., J.R. Brunet, and V. Dubljević. “Exploring and Understanding Law Enforcement’s Relationship with Technology: A Qualitative Interview Study of Police Officers in North Carolina.” Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 13, no. 6 (2023). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063887.

Frändberg, Å. “Legality and Legal Subordination.” In Law and Philosophy Library, 109:59–96. 2014. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06784-1_4.

Friedman, Lawrence M., and terj. M. Khozim. Sistem Hukum: Perspektif Ilmu Sosial. Bandung: Penerbit Nusa Media, 2009.

Goel, A., and T. Vidal. “Hours of Service Regulations in Road Freight Transport: An Optimization-Based International Assessment.” Transportation Science 48, no. 3 (2014): 391–412. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2013.0477.

Guerra, E., A. Sandweiss, and S.D. Park. “Does Rationing Really Backfire? A Critical Review of the Literature on License-Plate-Based Driving Restrictions.” Transport Reviews 42, no. 5 (2022): 604–25. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2021.1998244.

Hakim, Abdul Aziz. Negara Hukum Dan Demokrasi Di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2011.

Heaton, K. “Truck Driver Hours of Service Regulations: The Collision of Policy and Public Health.” Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 6, no. 4 (2005): 277–84. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527154405282841.

Jensen, A., and S. Dahlb. “Truck Drivers Hours-of-Service Regulations and Occupational Health.” Work 33, no. 3 (2009): 363–68. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-2009-0884.

Kaszubowski, D., and F. Heleniak. “A Concept of Freight Traffic Flow Regulations in the City of Gdansk.” 2017, 57–71. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51427-7_5.

Kaulika, Sacharissa, and Ninuk Wijiningsih. “Peran Pemerintah Daerah Kota Bogor Dalam Pelaksanaan Urusan Pemerintah Di Bidang Lalu Lintas Dan Transportasi.” Jurnal Reformasi Hukum Trisakti 6, no. November (2024): 1418–31.

Mansfield, D., and M. Kryger. “Regulating Danger on the Highways: Hours of Service Regulations.” Sleep Health 1, no. 4 (2015): 311–13. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2015.09.008.

Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. “Penelitian Hukum, Edisi Revisi, Cetakan Ke-12.” Jakarta: Kencana, 2016, 133–36.

Melachrinoudis, E., H. Min, and V. Shah. “Combined Truck Routing and Driver Scheduling Problems under Hours of Service Regulations.” International Journal of Operations and Quantitative Management 17, no. 1 (2011): 29–47. Scopus.

Min, H., and E. Melachrinoudis. “A Model-Based Decision Support System for Solving Vehicle Routing and Driver Scheduling Problems under Hours of Service Regulations.” International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications 19, no. 4 (2016): 256–77. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2015.1075475.

Nagy, E., and Z. Sandor. “Overtaking Ban for Heavy Goods Vehicle in Hungary on the National Motorway Network.” Pollack Periodica 7, no. 1 (2012): 83–95. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1556/Pollack.7.2012.1.8.

ND, Mukti Fajar, and Yulianto Achmad. Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Normatif & Empiris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2017.

Nur, M., and S.P. Hadiwardoyo. “Analysis on Logistic Company Action toward the Access Restriction Policy on Freight Vehicle.” 1855 (2017). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985506.

“Peraturan Bupati (Perbup) Kabupaten Tangerang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Peraturan Bupati Nomor 46 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pembatasan Waktu Operasional Mobil Barang Pada Ruas Jalan Di Wilayah Kabupaten Tangerang.” Preprint, Indonesia, 2022.

Pratiwi, Meiliya, Leo Agustino, and Ima Maisaroh. “Efektivitas Peraturan Bupati Tentang Pembatasan Waktu Operasional Mobil Barang Pada Ruas Jalan Di Wilayah Kecamatan Jayanti Kabupaten Tangerang.” Journal of Geopolitics and Public Policy 3, no. 1 (2025): 11–24.

Rahardjo, Satjipto. Ilmu Hukum. Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti, 2021.

Reza. “Pengendara Tewas Terlindas Truk Langgar Jam Operasional, Kadishub: Tidak Bisa Kita Tilang.” 2024. https://tangerangonline.id/2024/10/14/pengendara-tewas-terlindas-truk-langgar-jam-operasional-kadishub-tidak-bisa-kita-tilang/.

Rizqi, Nurhafizh Muhammad, Mega Suryandari, and Selenia Ediyani Palupiningtyas. Optimalisasi Kebijakan Operasional Angkutan Barang Untuk Kelancaran Lalu Lintas Di Kabupaten Subang. xx, no. x (2022): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.55511/jpsttd.vxxix.xx.

Salsabilla, Maulida, Meisya Yasmine Anwar, Alya Salwa Ramadhina Lesmana Putri, Trista Erwanda Warastika, and Ahmad Syaguni Majdi. “Tinjauan Hukum Tata Negara Terhadap Izin Operasional Transportasi Truk Di Kota Banjarmasin.” Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal 2, no. 3 (2025): 3759.

Soekanto, Soerjono. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2011.

———. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum. Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada, 2007.

Song, H., K. Shin, and F.M.A. Hassouna. “Is the High-Emission Vehicle Driving Area Restriction Policy an Effective Measure for Reducing Driving Distance? A Case Study of Busan, South Korea.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 16, no. 24 (2024). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411055.

Thompson, R.M. “Police Use of Force: Rules, Remedies and Reforms.” In Police Use of Force and Federal Tactical Teams: Background and Considerations, 1–38. 2016. Scopus. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85019947171&partnerID=40&md5=de966ff231d8c3b667369afe66d8c985.

Vital, F., and P. Ioannou. “Long-Haul Truck Scheduling with Driving Hours and Parking Availability Constraints.” 2019-June (2019): 620–25. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814011.

Wijayanti, A.T., D.S. Anggraeni, D.A.S. Dewi, H.A. Hakim, Y. Kurniaty, and D. Setiawati. “Bridging Technology and Justice: The Role of AI in Law Enforcement through Pancasila’s Ideals.” 622 (2025). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562204003.

Xu, J., H. Zhang, Y. Liao, and J. Fang. “The Synergy Impact of Private Vehicle Restrictions and Public Transportation Improvements on Commuters: A Case Study of Chengdu, China.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 200 (2025). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2025.104627.

Zhang, L., R. Long, and H. Chen. “Do Car Restriction Policies Effectively Promote the Development of Public Transport?” World Development 119 (2019): 100–110. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.03.007.