Agricultural Waqf and the Agrarian State: A Contemporary Islamic Legal Reconstruction Toward National Food Sovereignty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v5i2.12009Keywords:
Agricultural Waqf; Agrarian State; Food Sovereignty; Zero Hunger.Abstract
Agricultural waqf has emerged as a strategic instrument for strengthening national food sovereignty while advancing the socio-economic objectives of Islamic law. Although Indonesia legally recognises waqf as a protected religious institution, its integration into the national agrarian system remains fragmented due to regulatory inconsistencies, overlapping institutional authorities, and the absence of a coherent legal framework for managing productive agricultural waqf. This article aims to reconstruct the legal position of agricultural waqf within Indonesia’s agrarian governance by examining its contribution to sustainable agricultural development and national food sovereignty from the perspective of contemporary Islamic law. The study employs a doctrinal and juridical-empirical research design, combining statutory analysis, conceptual inquiry, and field research conducted in Subang, Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi, West Java. The analysis explores the interaction between waqf law, agrarian law, and national food policy while evaluating the authority and institutional role of nāẓir in the management of productive waqf land. The findings demonstrate that agricultural waqf has considerable potential to enhance agricultural productivity, strengthen rural economic resilience, and promote equitable access to productive land. However, its effectiveness remains constrained by fragmented legal regulations, overlapping institutional mandates, unclear governance mechanisms, and weak integration into national agrarian and food policies. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, agricultural waqf should be understood not merely as a religious charitable institution but as a strategic legal instrument for realising maṣlaḥah through the protection of wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl), life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), and sustainable social welfare. Accordingly, this study proposes a contemporary Islamic legal reconstruction that harmonises waqf law, agrarian law, and state food governance through an integrated regulatory framework, strengthened institutional coordination, and an expanded legal mandate for productive waqf management. This reconstruction contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by repositioning agricultural waqf as a constitutional instrument of agrarian reform and a sustainable legal foundation for achieving Indonesia’s long-term national food sovereignty.
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