Stigma of Former Drug Offenders: Islamic and Restorative Justice Perspectives in the Contemporary Era

Authors

  • Fatah Chotib Uddin Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Sri Sulistyawati Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Kartina Pakpahan Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Roswita Sitompul Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10460

Keywords:

Islamic Values, Former Drug Offenders, Restorative Justice, Sociology of Law, Stigmatisation.

Abstract

This study offers a sociological and normative analysis of the persistent stigmatisation of former drug offenders and its implications for the implementation of restorative justice and Islamic ethical values in the contemporary Indonesian context. Employing a qualitative approach through field research and literature review, the study investigates the socio-cultural dynamics, public perceptions, and institutional obstacles that hinder the effective reintegration of ex-offenders into society. The findings indicate that former drug offenders often face multilayered stigma—manifesting in social exclusion, limited employment opportunities, and distrust within their communities—which significantly undermines the objectives of restorative justice. These challenges prolong the cycle of marginalisation and contradict the restorative principles of reconciliation, rehabilitation, and social healing. Moreover, the study reveals a gap between legal-normative frameworks and community practices, where punitive attitudes prevail over rehabilitative intentions. From the perspective of Islamic ethics, values such as rahmah (compassion), tawbah (repentance), and islah (reconciliation) serve as essential moral foundations that advocate for the acceptance and reintegration of reformed individuals. These values emphasise the potential for personal transformation and the collective responsibility of society to facilitate restorative outcomes. This study recommends a holistic synergy between restorative justice mechanisms, Islamic ethical values, and public education initiatives to dismantle stigma, promote inclusivity, and foster a more humane justice system. The academic contribution of this research lies in its integrative framework that combines socio-legal theory with Islamic moral philosophy to critically assess the structural and cultural barriers to reintegration, offering a contextualised model for human-centred restorative justice in Muslim-majority societies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abubakar, Nurwana, La Ode Husen, dan Sri Lestari Poernomo. “Efektivitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Dalam Pembinaan Rehabilitasi Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Dan Psiktropika: Studi Kasus Di Lapas Narkotika Klas II A Sunguminasa.” Journal of Lex Generalis (JLG) 3, no. 9 (6 September 2022): 1465–81.

Aditya, Dita Permata, dan Wenty Marina Minza. “Relasi Sosial Pada Mantan Pengguna Narkoba Yang Diasingkan.” Journal Psikologi Forensik Indonesia 1, no. 1 (1 November 2021): 32–44. https://doi.org/10.71088/jpfi.v1i1.2.

Alam, Syariful, Nu’man Aunuh, dan Yaris Adhial Fajrin. "The Concept of Restorative Justice in Islamic Criminal Law: Alternative Dispute Settlement Based on Justice." KnE Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (5 Januari 2024): 642–651. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i21.14779.

Alifya, Nur, dan Michiko Mamesah. “Pengaruh Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri Remaja Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Di Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih (BESAKIH).” INSIGHT: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling 10, no. 1 (2021): 53–66. https://doi.org/10.21009/INSIGHT.101.08.

Azizi, Jumain, dan Opan Satria Mandala. “Analisis Pemikiran Ali Yafie Dan Sahal Mahfuzd Dalam Fiqih Sosial Terhadap Perkembangan Hukum Islam.” JURNAL MAHASANTRI 2, no. 2 (28 Maret 2022): 398–423. https://doi.org/10.57215/pendidikanislam.v2i2.147.

Bungin, Burhan. Analisis Data Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2003.

Fathorrahman, Fathorrahman. “Pandangan Fikih Sosial K.H. Ali Yafie dan Kontribusinya terhadap Kajian Pembangunan di Indonesia.” Asy-Syir’ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum 50, no. 2 (1 Desember 2016): 355–378. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajish.v50i2.235.

Fauzi, Rizky, Watni Marpaung, dan Nurul Huda Prasetya. "Restorative Justice Concept in Islam & Its Implementation in National Criminal Law from Islamic Legal Philosophy." JURNAL AKTA 12, no. 1 (7 Februari 2025): 49–59. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta.v12i1.43727.

Hamamah, Fatin. "Rehabilitation On Victims Of Drugs Abuse In Judicial Development." International Journal of Law Reconstruction 5, no. 2 (6 November 2021): 354–366. https://doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v5i2.17923.

Hamid, Muhammad Qodri, Ira Fadia Fajar, Wirdatul Jannah, dan Uut Rahayuningsih. “Penegakan Hukum Dan Stigma Sosial Terhadap Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika.” Amandemen: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Politik Dan Hukum Indonesia 2, no. 2 (28 April 2025): 71–78. https://doi.org/10.62383/amandemen.v2i2.880.

Hilmi, Fuad. “Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Islami Dalam Rehabilitasi Narkoba.” IJNU: Indonesian Journal of Nahdlatul Ulama 1, no. 1 (29 September 2023): 1–15.

Ilham, Arifin. Personal Interview, 2024.

Kadir, Muh Awaluddin, Muh Shuhufi, dan Misbahuddin M. “Efek Jera Pemidanaan Dalam Hukum Islam Dan Penerapannya Di Indonesia.” Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 1, no. 11 (5 Juli 2024). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12666985.

Kusuma, Jaya. personal Interview, 2024.

Madjid, Abdul, dan Milda Istiqomah. "Restorative Justice: A Suitable Response to Environmental Crime in Indonesia?" Krytyka Prawa 15, no. 3 (1 September 2023): 86–100. https://doi.org/10.7206/kp.2080-1084.622.

Maimun, Maimun, Sanusi Sanusi, Erna Hayati, dan Ari Munazar. “Dampak Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Terdahap Perkembangan Moral Anak.” Antropocene : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Humaniora 3, no. 2 (28 Mei 2023): 59–67. https://doi.org/10.56393/antropocene.v3i2.1648.

Miles, Matthew B, dan A. Michael Huberman. Analisis data kualitatif : buku sumber tentang metode-metode baru. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press, 2014.

Munandar, Tri Imam, Elizabeth Siregar, Dessy Rakhmawati, dan Zulham Adamy. "Restorative Justice in Narcotics Crimes Investigation: Implementation, Challenges and Obstacles." Mimbar Keadilan 18, no. 1 (19 Februari 2025): 159–170. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v18i1.11961.

Mursalin, Supardi, Hamdan, Robeet Thadi, Mohamad Salik, dan M. Fijar Ishlahul Ummah. "Fiqh Tolerance in a Contemporary Context: The Response of State Islamic Religious University Students to Religious Extremism." MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 3, no. 2 (30 Desember 2024): 287–319. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v3i2.9866.

Mustajab, Muhammad, dan Putri Handayani. “Peran Tokoh Agama Dalam Pemberantasan Narkoba.” Jurnal Tahqiqa : Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam 16, no. 2 (31 Juli 2022): 74–87.

Nainggolan, Ibrahim. “Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Dalam Menjalankan Rehabilitasi Terhadap Narapidana Narkotika.” EduTech: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial 5, no. 2 (10 Agustus 2019). https://doi.org/10.30596/edutech.v5i2.3388.

Nefri, Ardi, dan Iyah Faniyah. “Pertimbangan Penyelidik Dalam Penghentian Penyelidikan Tindak Pidana Narkotika Berdasarkan Restoratif Justice.” Ekasakti Legal Science Journal 1, no. 4 (7 Oktober 2024): 313–320. https://doi.org/10.60034/pwmr1d81.

Nurain, St Nur Syahidah Dzatun. “Prinsip Keadilan Sosial Dalam Islam.” Jurnal JINNSA (Jurnal Interdipliner Sosiologi Agama) 4, no. 1 (23 Agustus 2024): 35–51. https://doi.org/10.30984/jinnsa.v4i1.1048.

Pati, Rangga. Personal Interview, 2024.

Personal Interview, 2024.

Rahim, Mohammad Hakim Pratama, Dian Ekawaty Ismail, dan Apripari Apripari. “Hambatan Pelaksanaan Restorative Justice Pada Tindak Pidana Narkotika Di Kepolisian Resort Gorontalo Kota.” Jaksa : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik 2, no. 2 (19 Januari 2024): 258–266. https://doi.org/10.51903/jaksa.v2i2.1691.

Ramadhani, Fharah Dhiba, dan Dwi Dasalinda. “Penyesuaian Diri Korban Penyalahgunaan Napza dalam Menjalani Rehabilitasi Sosial di Sentra Handayani Jakarta.” TERAPUTIK: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling 7, no. 2 (31 Oktober 2023): 123–131. https://doi.org/10.26539/teraputik.721150.

Rasyid, Arbanur. "Social Fiqh and Its Implications for Community Life in Society 5.0." Al-Ahkam 31, no. 2 (31 Oktober 2021): 141–160. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2021.31.2.8219.

Riyansyah, Riyansyah, dan Sintong Arion Hutapea. “Efetivitas Restorative Justice Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Di Indonesia.” Mahkamah : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 2 (9 April 2025): 70–77. https://doi.org/10.62383/mahkamah.v2i2.566.

Santoso, Rudi. Personal Interview, 2024.

Sartika, Dewi, Rina Khairani Pancaningrum, dan Joko Jumadi. “Restortative Justice Terhadap Tindak Pidana Narkotika Sebagai Strategi Penanggulangan Overcrowding Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan.” JATISWARA 38, no. 1 (31 Maret 2023): 113–123. https://doi.org/10.29303/jtsw.v38i1.529.

Sazali, Hasan, Mailin Mailin, dan Aidil Rizki Rangkuti. “Program Komunikasi BNN Kabupaten Batu Bara Dalam Pencegahan Dan Peredaran Narkoba Berbasis Nilai Kearifan Lokal.” Jurnal Diversita 9, no. 1 (9 Juni 2023): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v9i1.6754.

Sibarani, Fauzi Anshari, dan Erwin Asmadi. "Harmonizing Law Enforcement Officials Against Child Victims of Narcotics Abuse." Justisi 10, no. 2 (1 Februari 2024): 328–340. https://doi.org/10.33506/js.v10i2.2834.

Sigit. Personal Interview, 2024.

Siregar, Hapni Laila, Anggi Yulinda, Arisyah Dwi Fadhilah, dan Uly Anti Mawaddah. “Analisis Peran Agama Islam Dalam Menanggulangi Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Di Kalangan Remaja.” Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 2, no. 5 (5 Juni 2024). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11489278.

Tober, Daud, Bachrul Amiq, dan Wahyu Prawesthi. “Penerapan Restorative Justice Dalam Penanganan Tindak Pidana Narkotika.” COURT REVIEW: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum (e-ISSN: 2776-1916) 5, no. 02 (2025): 27–34. https://doi.org/10.69957/cr.v5i02.1771.

Wulandari, I. Gusti Ayu Ratih, dan I. Gusti Ayu Putu Wulan Budisetyani. “Gambaran Motivasi Mantan Pecandu Narkotika Yang Bekerja Sebagai Konselor Rehabilitasi Narkotika.” Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 26 Februari 2020, 132–43.

Zulfa, Eva Achjani. “Optimalisasi Pendekatan Restorative Justice terhadap Victimless Crime (Penyalahgunaan Narkoba) sebagai Solusi Lapas yang Over Kapasitas.” Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai 6, no. 1 (28 April 2022). https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i1.3684.

Downloads

Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

Stigma of Former Drug Offenders: Islamic and Restorative Justice Perspectives in the Contemporary Era. (2025). MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review, 4(1), 440-462. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10460