Negotiating Public and Domestic Roles: A Phenomenological Study of the Double Burden of Working Women in Madura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/10.32332/jsga.v8i01.10809Keywords:
Working Women, Double Burden, Patriarchal Habitus, Phenomenology, MaduraAbstract
This article examines the lived experiences of working women in Paberasan, Madura, focusing on the gender-based double burden and reproduction of patriarchal habitus in everyday life. It explores how women negotiate paid employment, domestic responsibilities, family expectations, and local cultural norms that continue to position them as primary caregivers. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that women’s participation in paid work does not reduce their domestic responsibilities, but instead expands their workload across productive and reproductive spheres. Female farmworkers engage in income-generating activities primarily due to economic necessity while continuing to shoulder childcare and household duties. In contrast, women in professional occupations enjoy greater flexibility in balancing public and domestic roles but remain constrained by cultural expectations that assign them primary responsibility for family care. These findings demonstrate that increased female labor force participation has not automatically transformed patriarchal relations in rural communities.
[Artikel ini mengkaji pengalaman hidup perempuan pekerja di Paberasan, Madura, dengan fokus pada beban ganda berbasis gender dan reproduksi habitus patriarki dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana perempuan menegosiasikan pekerjaan produktif, tanggung jawab domestik, harapan keluarga, dan norma budaya lokal yang masih menempatkan perempuan sebagai penanggung jawab utama urusan rumah tangga. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan perempuan dalam pekerjaan publik tidak mengurangi tanggung jawab domestik, tetapi justru memperluas beban kerja mereka pada ranah produktif dan reproduktif. Buruh tani perempuan bekerja terutama karena tuntutan ekonomi, namun tetap memikul tanggung jawab pengasuhan anak dan pekerjaan rumah tangga. Sementara itu, perempuan dengan profesi yang lebih mapan memiliki ruang yang lebih besar dalam mengelola peran publik dan domestik, meskipun tetap menghadapi ekspektasi budaya sebagai penanggung jawab utama keluarga. Temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa peningkatan partisipasi kerja perempuan belum secara otomatis mengubah relasi patriarki dalam masyarakat pedesaan].
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