EFFECTIVENESS OF PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION AGAINST PNEUMONIA IN AN ELDERLY HAJJ PILGRIM:  AN EVIDENCE-BASED CASE REPORT

komaria; Aulia Putri Mentari; Radistrya Sekaranti Brahmanti; Amilya Agustina; Ferdi Afian

doi:10.32332/multazam.v6i2.12692

Authors

Komaria Department Of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Specialists Program, Faculty of Medicine, University Of Indonesia
Aulia Putri Mentari Department of Community Medicine, Specialist Education Program-1, Aerospace Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia
Radistrya Sekaranti Brahmanti Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia
Amilya Agustina Departement of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University Indonesia
Ferdi Afian Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty Of Medicine, University Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32332/multazam.v6i2.12692

Keywords:

Hajj, Umrah, Effectiveness, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal vaccination

Abstract

Respiratory tract infections are among the most common health problems encountered during the Hajj pilgrimage, particularly among older adults and individuals with chronic medical conditions. A 60-year-old Indonesian male pilgrim with diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with fever, headache, cough, chest pain, and myalgia during Hajj, with no history of pneumococcal vaccination. This evidence-based case report aimed to evaluate whether pneumococcal vaccination reduces the risk of pneumonia in elderly pilgrims with comorbidities. A literature search was conducted in ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus/ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases using PICO-derived keywords, followed by critical appraisal using Oxford CEBM tools. Ten studies were identified as the best available evidence. A systematic review reported that pneumococcal vaccination reduced pneumonia-related hospitalization (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.38–0.77; NNT = 46). Additionally, an RCT found that combined influenza and PPSV23 vaccination significantly reduced the risk of acute respiratory symptoms (RR 0.71; 95% CI 0.55–0.92). The best available evidence supports pneumococcal vaccination as an effective and safe preventive strategy for elderly pilgrims with chronic medical conditions. For this 60-year-old pilgrim with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, PPSV23 vaccination should be considered as part of pre-Hajj health preparation to reduce the risk of pneumonia and other respiratory complications.

Author Biographies

Komaria, Department Of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Specialists Program, Faculty of Medicine, University Of Indonesia

Department of Community Medicine, Specialist Education Program-1 Aerospace Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Indonesia
Aulia Putri Mentari, Department of Community Medicine, Specialist Education Program-1, Aerospace Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia

Department of Community Medicine, Specialist Education Program-1, Aerospace Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
Radistrya Sekaranti Brahmanti, Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia

Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program
Amilya Agustina, Departement of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University Indonesia

Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program
Ferdi Afian, Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program, Faculty Of Medicine, University Indonesia

Department of Community Medicine, Aerospace Medicine Program

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