Formicidae Ant Diversity and Its Association with Environmental Variables in a Traditional Oil Mining Area of Wonocolo, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/al-jahiz.v7i1.12000Keywords:
Formicidae, Ant diversity, Traditional oil mining, Environmental factors, Biodiversity indicatorsAbstract
This study aims to explore the diversity of Formicidae ants in the oil mining area of Wonocolo and evaluate the relationship between ant diversity and environmental factors. This research was conducted in a traditional oil mining area in Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia. Pitfall traps were used to collect ant samples, and a total of 11 ant species from 8 genera were identified. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H') ranged from 0.03 to 1.49, the Simpson dominance index (C) ranged from 0.26 to 0.99, and the evenness index (E) ranged from 0.04 to 0.97, indicating low diversity with varying levels of dominance and community stability. The high-density mining area was strongly dominated by Monomorium pharaonis, resulting in high dominance and low community evenness. Simple linear regression analysis showed that ant diversity was statistically associated with several environmental variables, with soil temperature showing the strongest association (R² = 0.4016), followed by air pressure (R² = 0.2917), dry air temperature (R² = 0.2649), altitude (R² = 0.0929), wet air temperature (R² = 0.0002), and air humidity (R² = 0.0538). These findings provide baseline information on Formicidae diversity and highlight the potential of ant communities as ecological indicators for biodiversity monitoring and environmental management in traditional oil mining ecosystems.
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