Phytoremediation Potential of Landfill Vegetation in Aceh, Indonesia: Linking Pb Accumulation with Chlorophyll Content and Stomatal Traits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/al-jahiz.v7i1.11832Keywords:
Anomocytic, Chlorophyll, Landfill, Mangifera indica, StomataAbstract
Landfills are a major source of heavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb), which poses serious risks to the environment and health. This study aims to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of plant species in the Gampong Jawa landfill, Banda Aceh, by analyzing Pb accumulation, chlorophyll content, and stomatal characteristics. Leaf samples were collected from plant species in the Gampong Jawa landfill using a purposive sampling approach. Pb levels were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), chlorophyll content was determined spectrophotometrically at 645 and 663 nm, and stomatal traits were observed from paradermal sections of the abaxial epidermis. A total of 21 plant species from 13 families were identified, of which 13 species accumulated Pb with concentrations ranging from 0.004 to 0.208 ppm. Mangifera indica exhibited the highest Pb accumulation, along with the highest stomatal density (113–560 mm⁻²) and stomatal index (10.4–33.2%). A consistent trend was observed in which species with higher stomatal density tended to show greater Pb accumulation, while increased Pb levels were associated with reduced chlorophyll content. These findings suggest that stomatal characteristics may influence Pb uptake in plants. The findings highlight that M. indica has potential as a phytoremediator and bioindicator of Pb pollution to support landfill rehabilitation and environmental management.
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