PEMBARUAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM NAHDLATUL ULAMA

Authors

  • Mahrus As’ad

Keywords:

reform, reposition, reactualization, progressive

Abstract

This article tries to understand and explain the basic concept and the essence of the NU educational reform (tajdīd) and the relationship of its schoolship view and its contribution to the Islamic educational resurgence after the Indonesia independence in meeting the new demands and the challenges of the modern era. Using the socio-historical-phenomenological approach, the result concludes that  the basic concept of the NU educational reform is identical with the dinamization in the sense of change toward the correction and perfection of the condition of the Islamic education which is unbeneficial for its future. The essence of the effort is more focused on the substantial aspects of education than the technical-pedagogical ones in charge of the reposition and reactualization or revitalization of the social function of the Islamic education of the modern era. By reposition means the effort to redetermine the position of system and institution of traditional Islamic education, especially pesantren and madrasa, in order that they are suitable for new demands of modern education through the rehabilation of their old and absolete elements, and inovation by means of entering new and useful elements in to enpower their social functions optimally. Reactualization or revitalization means the effort to reactivate the basic principles of the classical Islamic education which are almost forgotten, on which the modern Islamic education hold them as the philosophical guidances for the universality of their values. Such effort are inseparable from the ideas and activities of the existence of the independence and progressive pesantren teachers (ulama) so that the conservativness of the schoolship views of the NU do not hinder and even motivate it to modernization. Its approach which enpowering the traditon legacies, and being integrally combined with the new elements of modern education distinguishes clearly theconcept of NU educational reform from  the similar effort of the Muslim reformists which rest too much on the new elements of modern education. The new model of the system and institution of NU education has given valuable contributions not only to the completion and enrichment of the national education system and institution but also the strengthening the pillars of tenacity of the national culture as a whole.

 

References

Aboebakar, Sedjarah Hidup K.H. A. Wahid Hasjim dan Karangan Tersiar, Jakarta : Panitia Peringatan Alm. K.H. A. Wahid Hasjim, 1957.

Al-Anshori, “Bedanya Modernisasi dan Modulasi dalam NU”, Duta Masjarakat, 28, 29, dan 30 Juni 1967.

Ali, A. Mukti, “Al-Zarnuji dan Imam Zarkasyi dalam Metodologi Pendidikan Agama Suatu Pembahasan Perbandingan tentang Metodologi Pendidikan Agama pada Abad Pertengahan dan di Pondok Modern Gontor”, dalam Amir Hamzah Wiryosukarto, dkk., Biografi KH. Imam Zarkasyi di Mata Umat, Ponorogo : Gontor Press, 1996.

Ali, Fachry dan Bahtiar Effendy, Merambah Jalan Baru Islam, Bandung : Mizan, 1986.

al-Kulli, Amin, Al-Mujaddidūn fi al-Islām, Kairo : Maktabah al-Usrah, 2003 .

Anam, Choirul, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Nahdlatul Ulama, Solo : Jatayu, 1985.

Anderson, C. Arnold, “Modernisasi Pendidikan” dalam Myron Weiner, Modernisasi Dinamika Pertumbuhan, Yogyakarta : UGM Press, 1977 .

Azra, Azyumardi, “Pembaruan Pendidikan Islam: Sebuah Pengantar” dalam Marwan Saridjo, Bunga Rampai Pendidikan Islam, Jakarta : Departemen Agama RI, 1997/1998 .

______, Esei-esei Intelektual Muslim dan Pendidikan Islam, Ciputat : Logos Wacana Ilmu, 1999.

Azwar, Saifuddin, Sikap Manusia Teori dan Pengukurannya, Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar, 2011.

Barakat, Halim, Dunia Arab Masyarakat Budaya dan Negara, Terjemahan Irfan M dan Zakkie, Bandung : Nusa Media, 2012.

Benda, Harry J., Bulan Sabit dan Matahari Terbit Islam di Indonesia pada Masa Pendudukan Jepang, Terjemahan Daniel Dhakidae, Jakarta : Pustaka Jaya, 1980.

__________, The Cresent and the Rising Sun: Indonesian Islam under the Japanese Occupation 1942-1945, The Hague, W.van Hoeve, 1958.

Bogdan, Robert C. and Sari Knopp Biklen, Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Method, Boston : Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1986.

Burke, Peter, Sejarah dan Teori Sosial, Terj. Mestika Zed dan Zulfami, Jakarta : Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2001.

Dhofier, Zamakhsyari, Tradisi Pesantren Studi tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai, Jakarta : LP3ES, 1982 .

el-Fadl, Khaled Abou, Selamatkan Islam dari Muslim Puritan, Terjemahan Helmi Mustofa, Jakarta : Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2006.

Falaakh, M. Fajrul, “Jam’iyah Nahdlatul Ulama: Kini, Lampau dan Datang”, dalam Ellyasa KH. Dharwis, Gus Dur NU dan Masyarakat Sipil, Yogyakarta : LKiS, 1997 .

Fatoni, Sulthan, dkk., “NU”: Ideology Politics and the Formation of Khaira Ummah”, Jakarta : LP. Ma’arif, 2003.

Geertz, Clifford, “Modernization in a Muslim Society: The Indonesian Case” dalam Robert N. Bellah, Religion and Progress in Modern Asia, New York : Free Press, 1965.

Haidar, M. Ali, Nahdlatul Ulama dan Islam di Indonesia: Pendekatan Fikih dalam Politik, Jakarta : Gramedia, 1994 .

Hasyim, H.A. Wahid, “Boeat Goeroe II” dalam Berita Nahdlatul Oelama, No. 13 Th. 9 (1 Mei 1940).

Iskandar, A. Muhaimin, “Prolog: PMII sedang Menantang Resiko?”, dalam Chatibul Umam Wiranu (Peny.), Membaca Ulang Aswaja dan Upaya Transformasi PMII, Jakarta : PB. PMII, 1997.

Kartodirdjo, Sartono, Pemberontakan Petani Banten, Jakarta : Pustaka Jaya, 1984 .

_________, Pendekatan Ilmu Sosial dalam Metodologi Sejarah, Jakarta : Gramedia, 1993.

Lerner, Daniel, “Modernization” dalam David A. Sills, International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, New York : Crowell Collier and Macmillan, 1968, Vol. 9-10.

LP. Ma’arif Nahdlatul ‘Ulama, Konsep Kebijakan Umum LP. Ma’arif Nahdlatul ‘Ulama, Pembangunan Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta : PP. LP. Ma’arif NU, 1991.

Mahrus As’ad, “Pembaruan pendidikan Islam K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari”, Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam, Vol. 8 Nomor 1, April 2012.

__________, Pembaruan Pendidikan Nahdlatul Ulama, Jakarta : Disertasi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 2007.

__________, Keputusan-Keputusan Musyawarah Kerja LP. Ma’arif NU se-Indonesia 21-23 Juli 1990, Jakarta : PP. LP. Ma’arif NU, 1990.

__________, Landasan Dasar Pengenmbangan Pendidikan di Lingkungan Nahdlatul Ulama, Jakarta : PP. LP. Ma’arif, 1983.

Ma’shum, K.H. Ali, “Amanat Rois Aam PBNU”, Disampaikan pada Musyawarah Kerja LP. Ma’arif NU se-Indonesia di Jakarta, 9 April 1983. PP. LP. Ma’arif, Laporan Musyawarah Kerja Lembaga Pendidikan. Ma’arif, dii Jakarta 8-11 April 1983, Jakarta : PP. LP. Ma’arif, 1983.

Madjid, Nurcholish, Bilik-Bilik Pesantren Sebuah Potret Perjalanan, Jakarta : Paramadina, 1997 .

_____________, Islam Kemodernan dan Keindonesiaan, Bandung, Mizan, 1988.

Mawardi, Farida, “Mencari Pola dan Strategi Pengembangan Tenaga Kependidikan di Lingkungan Ma’arif”, Disampaikan dalam Raker Terbatas PBNU Bagian Ma’arif, di Jakarta, 4-6 Mei 1978.

McVey, Ruth T., “Taman Siswa and The Indonesian National Awakening” dalam Indonesia, Vol. I (April), 1967 .

Muhammadiyah, Hilmy dan Sulthan Fatoni, NU: Identitas Islam Indonesia, Jakarta : eLSAS, 2004.

Muzadi, KH. Abdul Muchith, “Dari nDandakna Awak sampai nDandakna Bangsa: sebuah Kesaksian, dalam Marzuki Wahid, dkk., Geger di Republik NU: Perebutan Wacana, Tafsir Sejarah, Tafsir Makna , Jakarta : Kompas-Lakpesdam NU, 1999 .

__________, Apa dan Bagaimana Nahdlatul Ulama? Jember : PCNU, 2003.

Nata, Abuddin, dkk., Integrasi Ilmu Agama dan Ilmu Umum, Jakarta : Raja Grafindo Perkasa, 2005 .

Natsir, M., Islam dan Kristen di Indonesia, Bandung : Bulan Bintang, 1969.

Noer, Deliar, Gerakan Modern Islam di Indonesia 1900-1942, Jakarta : LP3ES, 1988 .

__________, The Modernist Muslim Movement in Indonesia 1900-1942, Singapore : Oxford University Press, 1973.

Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta : Balai Pustaka, 1997, Edisi Kedua .

Rahardjo, M. Dawam, “NU dalam Perspektif Gerakan Sosial Keagamaan”, Makalah disampaikan dalam Sarasehan Pendidikan dan Rapat Kerja Terbatas LP. Ma’arif NU di Jakarta : 6-7 Maret 1996.

Risalah Nahdlatul Ulama, No. V/VI Tahun I (1979)

Siddiq, KH. Ahmad, “Pokok-Pokok Pikiran tentang Tajdid”, Aula Januari 1988.

Soebardi, S., “Islam di Indonesia” Prisma, (Nomor Ekstra, 1978)/

Steenbrink, Karel A., Pesantren Madrasah Sekolah Pendidikan Islam dalam Kurun Modern, Jakarta : LP3ES, 1986.

________, Beberapa Aspek tentang Islam di Indonesia Abad ke-19, Jakarta : Bulan Bintang, 1984.

________, Kawan dalam Pertikaian Kaum Kolonial Belanda dan Islam di Indonesia (1596-1942), Bandung : Mizan, 1995.

Sumantri, Jujun S. Suria, “Pembangunan Sosial Budaya Secara Terpadu”, Suara Karya, 6 Agust. 1985.

Suminto, H. Aqib, Politik Islam, Jakarta : LP3ES, 1988.

Suryanegara, Ahmad Mansur, “Gerak Langkah Jam’iyah dan Partai Politik Nahdlatul Ulama, Panji Masyarakat, No. 366, 1981.

Tilaar, HAR, Paradigma Baru Pendidikan Nasional, Jakarta, Reneka Cipta, 2004.

Wahid, Abdurrahman, Bunga Rampai Pesantren, Jakarta, Dharma Bhakti, 1980.

________, Islam Kosmopolitan Nilai-Nilai Indonesia dan Transformasi Kebudayaan, Jakarta : The Wahid Institute, 2007.

Watt, W. Montgomery, Fundamentalisme Islam dan Modernitas, Terj. Taufik Adnan Amal, Jakarta : Raja Grafindo Persada, 2001.

Welch, Claude E., Jr, Political Modernization, A Reader in Comparative Political Change, California, Wadsworth, 1967 .

Wertheim, W.F., Indonesia Society in Transition: A Study of Social Change, The Hague, W van Hoeve, 1966.

Wiranu, Chatibul Umam, Membaca Ulang Aswaja dan Upaya Transformasi PMII, Jakarta : PB. PMII, 1997.

Yusuf, Slamet Effendy, dkk., Dinamika Kaum Santri Menelusuri Jejak dan Pergolakan Internal NU, Jakarta : Radjawali, 1983.

Zuhri, Saifuddin, K.H. Wahab Hasbullah, Jakarta : Yamunu, 1972 .

Aula Januari 1988.

Berita Nahdlatoel ‘Oelama, No. 18-19 Th. 5 (1 Agustus 1936).

Berita Nahdlatoel Oelama, No. 17 Th. 8 (1 Juli 1938).

Berita Nahdlatoel Oelama Th. 10 (1 Juli 1940).

Dunia Madrasah No. 31-32 Th. III (Maret-April 1957).

Duta Masjarakat, 28, 29, dan 30 Juni 1967.

M. Nadjid Muchtar, Wawancara, 19 Mei 2004.

PBNU, Konsepsi Pengembangan Sumberdaya.

Swara Nahdlatoel Oelama, No. 11 Th. 4 (Zul Qo’dah 1353).

Statuten Perkoempoelan Nahdlatoel Oelama.

Downloads

Published

2017-09-25