Spiritual Leadership in the Sufi Tradition of Islamic Boarding Schools: An Anthropological Perspective on Islamic Educational Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/vm9vbc61Keywords:
Spiritual Leadership, Sufism, Islamic Boarding School, Educational AnthropologyAbstract
This study aims to analyze the practice of spiritual leadership within the Sufi tradition at Bustanul Ulum Islamic Boarding School, Central Lampung, through the perspective of Islamic educational anthropology. The study employed a qualitative ethnographic approach. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving kyai, teachers, administrators, and students. The findings reveal that spiritual leadership in the pesantren is constructed through the kyai’s spiritual authority, the internalization of Sufi values, spiritual relationships between kyai and students, and spiritual riyadhah practices that shape the organizational culture of the pesantren. Values such as sincerity (ikhlas), devotion (khidmah), respect (ta’dzim), and simplicity (zuhud) become the primary foundation of Islamic educational management within the institution. The study also finds that educational modernization poses challenges to the sustainability of pesantren spiritual culture; however, the Sufi tradition remains the core spirit of leadership and institutional management. The novelty of this research lies in the formulation of the Sufi-Based Spiritual Leadership model, which integrates Sufi spirituality, pesantren culture, and Islamic educational management into a new theoretical framework.
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