Bridging Indonesian Cultures Through Islam Wasatiyyah: International Students' Insights on Religious Moderation in an Islamic Higher Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/moderatio.v5i02.11527Keywords:
Wasatiyyah Islam, religious moderation, Islamic higher education, international students, interfaith dialogueAbstract
Indonesia, as the world’s largest Muslim-majority country, has long promoted Wasatiyyah Islam as a fundamental principle for maintaining religious harmony. This study explores the perceptions and experiences of international students within Indonesian Islamic higher education institutions (IHEIs) regarding religious moderation. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five international students from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. The findings indicate that many students were unfamiliar with Wasatiyyah prior to studying in Indonesia; however, their immersion in academic and social life at IHEIs broadened their understanding of Islamic moderation beyond personal religiosity to include interfaith tolerance and intercultural dialogue. The study highlights the role of Wasatiyyah as a framework that integrates Islamic principles with local traditions to promote inclusivity and religious tolerance. Nevertheless, challenges such as cultural adaptation, language barriers, and varying degrees of institutional commitment to moderation persist. This research contributes to the global discourse on Islamic education by advocating for the integration of religious moderation principles in IHEIs to enhance interfaith and intercultural harmony at both local and international levels.
Downloads
References
Adnan, Muhammad, Nailul Husna, and Ni’matul Fauziah. “Religious Moderation Perspectives and Pratices in Muslim Youths With International Exposure.” JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL 23, no. 1 (2024): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.14710/jis.23.1.2024.1-19.
Aflahah, St, Khaerun Nisa, and Am Saifullah Aldeia. “The Role of Education in Strengthening Religious Moderation in Indonesia.” Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, Dan Tradisi) 9, no. 2 (2023): 193–211. https://doi.org/10.18784/smart.v9i2.2079.
Ahmad, Khaliq. “International Conference on Renewal and Reform of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ICRITC24): A Review.” Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), November 30, 2024, 337–44. https://doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.vi.1943.
Anderson, Donna Lynn. “Muslim International Students in the United States: A Phenomenological Inquiry into the Experience of Identities.” Journal of International Students 10, no. 2 (2020): 320–38. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i2.965.
Andi, Azhari, Muhammad Nasir, Eya Benlakhdhar, and Shana Jasmin. “Strengthening Wasatiyyah for the Youth through Islamic Education.” TAFAHUS: Jurnal Pengkajian Islam 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.58573/tafahus.v3i1.44.
Anwar, Saepul, Agus Fakhruddin, Achmad Faqihuddin, Sudirman Sudirman, and Usup Romli. “Understanding Tolerance: Student Perceptions of Islamic Religious Education in Public Universities.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 10, no. 2 (2024): 294–307. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i2.38649.
Arifin, Syamsul, Umiarso Umiarso, Nafik Muthohirin, and Ahmad Nur Fuad. “The Dimensions of Leadership and Ideology in Strengthening and Institutionalizing Religious Moderation in Muhammadiyah.” Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 33, no. 1 (2024): 69–92. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v33i1.37219.
Astuti, Mardiah, and Fajri Ismail. “The Religious Moderation and Decreasing Muslim Students’ Identity.” Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice 23, no. 17 (2023). https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i17.6549.
Azra, Azyumardi. Relevansi Islam Wasathiyah: dari melindungi kampus hingga mengaktualisasikan kesalehan. Edited by Idris Thaha. Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2020.
Braun, Virginia, and Victoria Clarke. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3, no. 2 (2006): 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
Brinkmann, Svend, and Steinar Kvale. InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing. Third edition. Sage, 2015.
Burhanuddin, Nunu, and Khairuddin Khairuddin. “The Radicalism Prevention through Academic Policies at State Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia.” Ulumuna 26, no. 2 (2022): 363–91. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v26i2.511.
Chen, Bateer, Humaira Tabassum, and Muhammad Aamir Saeed. “International Muslim Students: Challenges and Practical Suggestions to Accommodate Their Needs on Campus.” Journal of International Students 9, no. 4 (2019): 933–53. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v9i3.753.
Creswell, John W. Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. 4th ed. Pearson, 2012.
Farhan, Ahmad, and Mukhamad Hadi Musolin Subagio. “Wasathiyah in the Tafsir of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia: A Study of Theory and Implementation.” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 14, no. 1 (2024): Pages 899-911. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i1/20122.
Fuadi, Moh. Ashif, Abd Faishol, Andi Arif Rifa’i, Yunika Triana, and Rustam Ibrahim. “Religious Moderation in the Context of Integration between Religion and Local Culture in Indonesia.” Journal of Al-Tamaddun 19, no. 1 (2024): 47–59. https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol19no1.4.
Hasan, Noorhaidi. “Promoting Peace: The Role of Muslim Civil Society in Countering Islamist Extremism and Terrorism in Indonesia.” In Islam and Peacebuilding in the Asia-Pacific. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd, 2017.
Heidenreich, Maja. “Von Fremden zu Vertrauten.” In Praxishandbuch Mentoring in der Wissenschaft, edited by Renate Petersen, Mechthild Budde, Pia Simone Brocke, Gitta Doebert, Helga Rudack, and Henrike Wolf. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14268-1_22.
Helmy, Muhammad Irfan, Ahmad Darojat Jumadil Kubro, and Muhamad Ali. “The Understanding of Islamic Moderation (Wasaṭiyyah al-Islam) and the Hadiths on Inter-Religious Relations in the Javanese Pesantrens.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 11, no. 2 (2021): 377–401. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v11i2.351-376.
Irawan, Mohammad Deny. “Islam Wasatiyyah: Refleksi Antara Islam Modern Dan Upaya Moderasi Islam.” TAJDID: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin 16, no. 2 (2018): 111–28. https://doi.org/10.30631/tjd.v16i2.57.
Jais, Ahmad, and Sumin Sumin. “Portrait of Moderate Islam Within Muslim University Students in Indonesia.” Al-Albab 11, no. 2 (2023): 301–22. https://doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v11i2.2459.
Janghorban, Roksana, Robab Latifnejad Roudsari, and Ali Taghipour. “Skype Interviewing: The New Generation of Online Synchronous Interview in Qualitative Research.” International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being 9, no. 1 (2014): 24152. https://doi.org/10.3402/qhw.v9.24152.
Jubba, Hasse, Jaffary Awang, Zuly Qodir, Hannani, and Mustaqim Pabbajah. “The Contestation between Conservative and Moderate Muslims in Promoting Islamic Moderatism in Indonesia.” Cogent Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2022): 2116162. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2116162.
Kareem Hamed, Popoola, Daud Abdul Quadir Elega, Salawudeen Olayiwola Khalid, and Koussoube Issa. “Intercultural Communication Interaction Among the Local and International ELS Postgraduate Students: A Case Study of International Universities in Malaysia.” Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 52, no. 6 (2023): 629–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2023.2283496.
Leniawati, Iis, and Mochamad Ziaul Haq. “The Implementation of Islamic Moderation Principles in Addressing the Challenges of Political Identity Polarization.” Integritas Terbuka: Peace and Interfaith Studies 3, no. 2 (2024): 151–64. https://doi.org/10.59029/int.v3i2.42.
Ma`arif, Muhammad Anas, Muhammad Husnur Rofiq, and Akhmad Sirojuddin. “Implementing Learning Strategies for Moderate Islamic Religious Education in Islamic Higher Education.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, no. 1 (2022): 75–86. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v8i1.19037.
Maimun, Agus, Agus Indiyanto, and M. Mujab. “Educating Islamic Values through Wiwitan Tradition.” JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM 14, no. 2 (2020): 359. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2020.14.2.359-386.
Mappiasse, Sulaiman, and Hayadin Hayadin. “Stiudents’ Religious Tolerance: Comparing Muslim Students at Public Schools and Pesantren.” Journal of Indonesian Islam 16, no. 2 (2022): 326. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2022.16.2.326-351.
Marwal, Muhammad Ilyas, and Muhammad Fadhlirobby Ilyas. “Analysis Of Wasatiyyah Thoughts Of Muhammad Mahfudh Tarmadzi’s On Takfirism In His Is’af Al Mathali’.” Jurnal Ushuluddin 32, no. 2 (2024): 152. https://doi.org/10.24014/jush.v32i2.31889.
Moustakas, Clark. Phenomenological Research Methods. SAGE Publications, Inc., 1994. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995658.
Muhsin, M, Anjar Kususiyanah, and Moh Maksum. “Religious Moderation in Indonesian Islamic Universities: Policy Implementation and Identity Formation at IAIN Ponorogo.” Ascarya: Journal of Islamic Science, Culture, and Social Studies 4, no. 2 (2024): 54–66. https://doi.org/10.53754/iscs.v4i2.713.
Mukhibat, M, Ainul Nurhidayati Istiqomah, and Nurul Hidayah. “Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama Di Indonesia (Wacana Dan Kebijakan).” Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education Management 4, no. 1 (2023): 73–88. https://doi.org/10.21154/sajiem.v4i1.133.
Mulyana, Rohmat. “Religious Moderation in Islamic Religious Education Textbook and Implementation in Indonesia.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 79, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i1.8592.
Muqowim, Muqowim, Sibawaihi Sibawaihi, and Naif Daifullah Alsulami. “Developing Religious Moderation in Indonesian Islamic Schools Through the Implementation of the Values of Islām Wasaṭiyyah.” Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam 19, no. 2 (2022): 207–22. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.2022.192-03.
Mustakim, Zaenal, Fachri Ali, and Rahmat Kamal. “Empowering Students as Agents of Religious Moderation in Islamic Higher Education Institutions.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 1 (2021): 65–76. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v7i1.12333.
Nasir, Muhammad, and Muhammad Khairul Rijal. “Keeping the Middle Path: Mainstreaming Religious Moderation through Islamic Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 11, no. 2 (2021): 213–41. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v11i2.213-241.
Nasution, Sahkholid, Hasan Asari, and Harun Al-Rasyid. “Kitab Kuning and Religious Moderation: A Study on State Islamic Universities in Indonesia.” Journal of Al-Tamaddun 19, no. 2 (2024): 73–88. https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol19no2.5.
Nidhom, Khoirun. “Pandangan Al-Qur’an Dan As-Sunnah Tentang Wasatiyyah (Moderasi) Serta Implementasinya Terhadap Hukum Islam.” AT-TAISIR: Journal of Indonesian Tafsir Studies 2, no. 2 (2023): 67–86. https://doi.org/10.51875/attaisir.v2i2.90.
Opdenakker, Raymond. “Advantages and Disadvantages of Four Interview Techniques in Qualitative Research.” Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research Vol 7 (September 2006): No 4 (2006): Qualitative Research in Ibero America. https://doi.org/10.17169/FQS-7.4.175.
Patton, M Q. “Enhancing the Quality and Credibility of Qualitative Analysis.” Health Services Research 34, no. 5 Pt 2 (1999): 1189–208.
Patton, Michael Quinn. Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. 3. ed., [Nachdr.]. Sage, 2010.
Rahmadi, Rahmadi, and Hamdan Hamdan. “Religious Moderation in the Context of Islamic Education: A Multidisciplinary Perspective and Its Application in Indonesian Institutions.” Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora 21, no. 1 (2023): 59–82. https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v21i1.8487.
Rosidah, Umi, Tobroni Tobroni, and Faridi Faridi. “Interfaith Dialogue in Islamic Religious Education.” Jurnal Konseling Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 1 (2024): 120–33. https://doi.org/10.32806/jkpi.v5i1.129.
Sakat, Ahamad Asmadi, Abur Hamdi Usman, Wan Nasyrudin Wan Abdullah, Fadlan Mohd Othman, Mohd Akil Muhamed Ali, and Mazlan Ibrahim. “Al Wasaṭiyyah in the Eye of Prophetic Tradition.” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, ahead of print, March 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p448.
Salleh, Norsaleha Mohd, Salman Zainal Abidin, Abur Hamdi Usman, and Noor Hafizah Mohd. Haridi. “Wasatiyyah Discourse by the Perspective of Indonesian Muslim Scholars.” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, ahead of print, September 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s1p480.
Santoso, Dri, Mardatillah, Fajar Apriani, Sukindar, and Wahyu Abdul Jafar. “Preventing Religious Extremism in Islamic Religious Universities through Fiqh Wasatiyah.” Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law & Practice 19, no. 2 (2023): 176–92.
Sidabutar, Hasudungan, and Purim Marbun. “Menyemai Moderasi Beragama Dalam Konteks Indonesia Negara Pancasila Yang Plural.” Integritas: Jurnal Teologi 5, no. 2 (2023): 179–93. https://doi.org/10.47628/ijt.v5i2.216.
Solechan, Achmad, Muhammad Luthfi Zuhdi, and Muhammad Syauqillah. “The Influence of Islamic Religious Education Based on Religious Moderation and National Defence on The Nationalism of Students.” Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 6 (2024): 628–36. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i6.4031.
Subchi, Imam, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Rena Latifa, and Sholikatus Sa’diyah. “Religious Moderation in Indonesian Muslims.” Religions 13, no. 5 (2022): 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13050451.
Sukmawati, Aprilia Dian. “The Diversity of Indonesian Religious Moderation as an Understanding Tool for Islamic Religious Education Students in a Foreign Land: Ponorogo.” Annual International COnference on Islamic Education for Students 1, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.18326/aicoies.v1i1.297.
Suntana, Ija, and Betty Tresnawaty. “The Tough Slog of a Moderate Religious State: Highly Educated Muslims and the Problem of Intolerance in Indonesia.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 78, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i1.7933.
Syarifuddin, Muhammad, Agus Riyadi, and Mukti Ali. “Da’wah Strategy of the Indonesian Ulema Council in Broadcasting Wasathiyah Islamic Values in Wonogiri.” Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah 44, no. 1 (2024): 129–48. https://doi.org/10.21580/jid.v44.1.20462.
Thohir, Mudjahirin. “Islam and Local Wisdom: The Study of ‘ Islam Nusantara ’ in the Cultural Perspective.” E3S Web of Conferences 359 (2022): 04004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235904004.
Wibowo, Tri, and Aziz Kurniawan. “Strengthening Wasathiyyah Islamic Values in the Perspective of Education in Madrasah.” MUDARRISA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Islam 15, no. 1 (2023): 84–112. https://doi.org/10.18326/mdr.v15i1.84-112.
Widiyanto, Asfa. “Islam, Multiculturalism, and Nation-Building in the Post-Truth Age: The Experience of Indonesia.” Journal of Al-Tamaddun 14, no. 1 (2019): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.1.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhamad Maulana, Suliyana, Ulfia Muru’uah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






