THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION AND JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN INDONESIA

The corona virus has made fundamental changes to educational and legal practices in Indonesia. The large number of Covid-19 cases that have occurred in Indonesia makes holding state policies must be active to tackle the spread of this deadly virus, one of which is changing the pattern and model of education including trial administration using online media depending on the zone categorization set by the government. This paper finds out what happened during the Indonesian pandemic. First, in education, the emergence of covid-19 has made significant changes in the learning process by utilizing online learning media, and students are starting to be sent home, including in the context of higher education. Second, in the field of justice , trial administration in a number of courts is still carried out with due observance of health protocols, some trials are also conducted using an online trial model using various media, so that the law enforcement process continues. This paper also explains that the Covid-19 pandemic has become the center of serious attention of the government, including in providing education and implementing judicial processes in the world of law in Indonesia. Or in other words that even in the midst of a Zainal Abidin, Tobibatussa'adah The Impact of Covid-19... RI’AYAH, Vol. 5, No. 02, Juli-Desember 2020 123 pandemic, activities must continue in various aspects, especially during the new normal era.


A. Introduction
The development of the corona virus in early 2020 has hit economic conditions in countries around the world including Indonesia, a country that has a population of 250 million. The Corona ordeal appeared when humans were getting ready to enter the era of 4.0 (era of disruption), as if the emergence of the virus had been designed previously to strengthen the image of the era, where humans were increasingly dependent on information technology by utilizing all available digital media. Its can be seen from increasing her request gadged media, cell phone, computer, wifi, quotas internet increased significantly, despite the irony of the ever increasing number of deaths due to corona virus worldwide. Until now, when this paper was written, no effective drug was found to overcome the development of the corona virus, only vaccine trials from various countries were conducted which had not shown encouraging results.
Indonesia as one of the countries that is heading to the phase of developed countries in the ASEAN region, is greatly affected by the corona pandemic crisis that has hit the Southeast Asia region, with a large enough population in the fourth world, causing Indonesia to become the highest country with suspected Corona cases in the region, followed Philippines. According to news sources in the Jawa Post, at the end of October 2020, Indonesia was ranked first as the country with the highest number of Covid 19 cases. Since the discovery of the first Corona virus case in Indonesia around February 2020, the development of this virus has increased significantly in various regions. . Even in the province of East Java, Central Java, West Java and DKI Jakarta, they are included as a red zone which is very worrying from March to June, so the local government has imposed a lockdown and a ban on activities outside the home, including a ban on going home.
According to Jawa Pos, the spread of the corona virus has grown massively in various regions in Indonesia, and the largest is on the island of Java, even now it has become epidemic in other provinces outside Java. Starting from Jakarta and then spreading to West Java, Central Java and East Java, one of the areas that has a red zone is the city of Surabaya after Jakarta. Perhaps the contributors to corona patients are in big cities on the island of Java, then followed by big cities outside Java.
This emergency condition is very unfavorable and has an impact on various sectors, such as the industrial, business and economic sectors, education and the implementation of justice or law in Indonesia. This paper will discuss the various impacts of the corona pandemic on the world of education and law in Indonesia based on observations and practices that have changed drastically. However, the Corona emergency situation must be faced with a series of policies that still pay attention to health protocols to reduce the number of victims due to this corona virus. In the field of education, it must continue to run for the future of future generations, as well as law enforcement in society must be guaranteed in the midst of this global crisis.

B. Method of Research
This paper is designed based on field research that has been carried out by applying the observation method and based on the results of field data analysis that occurred phenomenally in Indonesian society during the Covid-19 pandemic .By reading this phenomenon and also this research tries to analyze the impact of the Covid 19 pandemic, since the discovery of the first corona case in Indonesia, and its impact on the implementation of education and judicial administration in the context of law enforcement in Indonesia when this virus began to spread throughout Indonesia.
The main sources of this paper come from various electronic media sources, in the form of online news, as well as from field sources that occur in Indonesia based on interviews and in-depth observations based on existing empirical realities, based on cases of the development of the corona virus in various places based on various zones that have been established by the government. In accordance with the object studied in this paper, namely the impact of Covid 19 on educational and legal practice, this paper will specifically present an analysis of the impact of the pandemic in the implementation of learning in schools and court practice in state courts in Indonesia.

Pandemic and Its Impact on Educational and Judicial Practices
Prior to the corona pandemic in Indonesia, the government had given early warning to anticipate the spread of the virus originating from Wuhan China. The government has carried out quarantine in the Natuna Islands on Indonesian students who were repatriated from Wuhan where the espicenter of the corona virus was discovered. However, efforts to anticipate student quarantine have not been successful, because the spread of this virus is rapidly spreading from another route, namely from the undetected contact line for corona sufferers between Indonesians and foreigners, such as the case of the first finding of a corona sufferer in the Depok area. West Java. And after the pertana cases Corona increasingly found, and te l ah spread throughout the premises.
Really, the history of the Corona Virus originating from Wuhan, Hubei province of China, at the beginning of the epidemiological data showed rapid development, especially in the traditional markets of Wuhan. Initial data indicates that as many as 66% of the population who are in the seafood market there are infected with the Corona or Covid-19 virus. The development of this virus quickly spread to 65 countries. According to WHO on March 2, 2020, there were 90,308 people infected with the Corona virus, and it continues to increase to various countries in the world.
Until now, Indonesia is in the first place in Southeast Asia as the country with the most sufferers. It is recorded that until the end of October 2020 there were 353,461 positive sufferers of Covid-19, with 277.54 4 patients recovering and 12,268 deaths, data obtained from Jawa Pos. Based on Jawa Pos, Indonesia's position is number or one for the largest number of Covi d-19 patients in the Southeast Asia region. This is based on the latest data on October 17, 2020. It is possible that when the presentation of this research is carried out that number will continue to increase , even though the Covid-19 vaccine has begun to be tested in news on television and other electronic media. And the results of these vaccine trials still need a long time to prove that the vaccine is effective for preventing and treating sufferers of co -19. Of course, with the increasing number of Covid-19 sufferers and the increasing number of recovered patients almost balanced, the impact that appears is also increasing even though the New Normal era has been implemented and social restrictions have been partially unleashed but in reality it is not easy to suppress the addition of new Covid-19 cases in Indonesia, because the population is so large and the level of social mobility is quite high.
The description of this case also indicates that the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic needs serious attention from the Indonesian government and its people to work together to tackle the spread of the corona virus, by taking into account health protocols and the prevention of Covid-19 in a serious and integrated manner. With the hope that the virus or disease will soon disappear from Indonesia.

The Impact of Covid-19 on the Education Practice
One of the sectors that has been severely affected since the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia is the education sector because the number of students from primary to tertiary levels is quite significant. Many students cannot participate in learning due to the direct prohibition of classical learning in classrooms, which is at risk of exacerbating the transmission of covid-19. The solution to date is for areas in the red zone category, learning is done online or by distance learning. UNESCO said that the corona pandemic had threatened 577,305,660 students from preschool, primary to secondary education. Mean while, there are around 86,034,287 students studying in tertiary institutions. Therefore distance learning is the right alternative for education in uncertain situations through online learning media.
In this context the internet media with all its strengths and weaknesses is the best solution in the continuity of the learning process carried out by teachers and students. Including lessons carried out at several universities and institutes in Indonesia. The implication of this transformation is that the expenditure or cost of learning is higher due to the dependence of internet quotas in education, and this is a challenge in itself for weak economic groups, who are already suffering in the midst of a pandemic, let alone facing an uncertain educational situation. Fortunately, there are several schools that provide quota incentives for students to be able to take part in the teaching and learning process, as well as for students who are studying at tertiary institutions that are supported by the government, although the numbers are still very minimal.
In the perspective of the use of Internet media Teru all in clear internet quota usage megalami peningkata n , including android and laptop sales, as a medium of learning is most effective in this pandemic situation. Then what's interesting in the context of education during the pandemic is the emergence of a number of online seminar activities, online meetings that utilize virtual media and applications which are now starting to become an increasing trend, such as the use of google meeting media, zoom meetings, video converence and so on in several programs. learning and in seminars or activities in meetings held at schools and universities.
The Zoom meeting or Google Meeting activity reaches its peak in May to August 2020, especially during the fasting month of Ramadan. Activities such as Webinars, Zoominars and so on are massively spread across various places and various universities in Indonesia. Until the date of this writing, zoom meeting activities were still being held, although not as many as when the corona outbreak appeared in those months. And what is widely used during the pandemic, the learning process is mostly carried out through online learning systems made by schools and colleges by designing learning systems in web applications that can be combined with several other learning applications.
Especially for the webinar or seminar program berbasi s web, carried out on a massive scale in all regions of Indonesia, and most are college the organizer both public and private universities. The participants who took part were quite enthusiastic from among the lecturers, especially the webinar activity which gave free certificates.
Most of the registration is done using the google form application which is distributed directly to prospective participants who will take part in the webinar, a week before the program is implemented. The topics of study in the waebinar are various topics ranging from education, health, politics, economics, law and so on. What is interesting is that the resource persons consist of experts and professors from various well-known universities, that there are also webinars that are held on an international level.
In addition to the rampant activities of Webinar during this pandemic, in fact, in a social context, the ongoing education is experiencing obstacles due to the closure of a number of schools, and has implications for the psychological aspects of teachers and students, including a decrease in the quality of student skills due to not being able to meet and learning practices in class, along with his teacher. Likewise, they lose the period of playing in the school environment with their peers, and this has a social impact, namely the increasingly alienated students from the world of interaction in the school environment. Although this can be replaced with online learning or tutorials, which are now becoming a trend of learning models and styles.
The reality is that online learning alternatives still cause various problems, especially at the basic education level, because parents are preoccupied with online learning. First, for families who cannot afford it, this becomes a burden in itself in fulfilling their daily needs. Second, from students, online learning actually makes them burdened with too many lesson tasks. Third, the task of parents is getting tougher, because they have to accompany students when studying online. Fourth, the onset of boredom of learning ririskiky a constantly carried out at home.
Online learning problems, especially in remote areas or villages, are also a major problem. Lack of facilities and infrastructure that support online learning is a major obstacle in the online learning process , not all remote villages already have online learning media, including internet networks that are difficult due to remote areas, so satellite or internet signals cannot be found. Then the mastery of the digital world is also still limited and the expenses or costs required are also too large to be able to access internet or web-based learning models.
But even so education must still be carried out regardless of all the obstacles and problems, including in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. In this context John Dewey (1958), an American education philosopher who is well-known as a Progressivism follower, states that education is a never-ending process (education is the process without end), because education is about developing basic human abilities, namely the ability to think about intellectual power and emotional power. So even in unfavorable conditions due to the global covid-19 pandemic, education must continue to be implemented because education has become a basic human need, in addition to other basic needs. Thus the learning process carried out in educational institutions of various levels continues and continues to be carried out using health protocols, including maintaining distance, using masks, washing hands and so on, especially in schools in the green zone. On the other hand, schools that are in the red zone are obliged to carry out online chasing in accordance with mental safety due to the pandemic.

Impact of Covid-19 on Judicial Practices
In addition to its impact on education, it turns out that Covid-19 also had an impact on the justice sector in Indonesia, when the New Normal era was enacted. In the context of penyeleng ar aan law in Indonesia is also experiencing the same obstacles to education, when faced covid-19. Many legal cases, both criminal and civil, are somewhat late in the resolution process due to unsupportive situations due to corona, but in some cases, trials in various levels of courts can be carried out even though the pandemic situation is still not over, with due observance of health protocols . Most of the trials are conducted not face-to-face but online, depending on the zone where the court is located, if it is in the red zone, it must be carried out with strict procedures including through online court media.
Regarding the implementation of online justice during the pandemic, it can be seen on the portal of the Mahkamah Agung/Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia which explains that the trial during the corona virus pandemic is still conducted virtually, as was the result of a discussion between the Director General of the Religious Courts and the Family Court of Australia , which explicitly stated that the trial at religious courts will continue to be implemented by enforcing the Covid-19 protocol, and the use of media and Information Technology, or online. However, it seems that from the perspective of carrying out criminal and civil court proceedings in Indonesia, there is still a need for strict rules regarding the implementation of trials in the emergency due to the Covid-19 period, which cannot be determined how long this condition will end. In Indonesia, cooperation has been agreed in dealing with the Covid-19 problem, with the signature of a memorandum of understanding or agreement between the Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung), the Attorney General's Office (Kejaksaan), the Police (Kepolisian), and the Directorate General of Corrections (Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan), are regarding an agreement to hold a trial of criminal cases through video conferences.
The cases that have appeared in many courts in Indonesia, especially the religious courts, are cases of many divorces as a result of the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic. Economic problems are at the center of divorce problems, especially for families from middle to lower social strata, who are prone to household conflicts due to low income. Not easy to carry out the trial in a pandemic situation especially should involve the people in every trial, if it remains by forced will automatically result in a increased its sufferers corona. With these unfavorable conditions, the Supreme Court/Mahkamah Agung (MA) dated March 23, 2020, issued circular letter Number 1 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for Implementing Tasks During the Prevention Period of Corona Virus Disease 2019  . This circular is a reference within the Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung) and the Judiciary under it to continue working by using the WFH ( Work From Home ) system and conducting Social Distancing. Likewise in the implementation of trials during the Covid-19 pandemic, carried out by e-Ligitation to replace conventional trials.
In circular No. 1 of 2020, signed on March 23, 2020, regulates that criminal, military criminal and jinayat cases continue to be carried out, especially for cases where the defendant is being detained and whose archery cannot be extended again during the Covid-19 prevention period. In addition, trials of criminal cases , military crimes, jinayat against the defendant, who legally still have reasons to be extended, are postponed until the end of the period to prevent the spread of covid-19 within the Supreme Court and the judiciary under it. The adjournment of the trial can be carried out with a single judge. The circular also describes the trial steps. First, postponement of the trial and restrictions on court visitors with the authority of the panel of judges. Second, the panel of judges can limit the number and safe distance between court visitors (social distancing). Third, the panel of judges can order a temperature examination and prohibit physical contact, such as shaking hands. Fourth, the panel of judges or parties in the trial can use masks or medical gloves according to local conditions. The pandemic Covid-19 has changed the order including creating anomalies in the field of law and justice in Indonesia and bring things new that had never occurred before the new conditions or new era normal and should be made a number of adjustments to adapt to new habits. In the legal perspective of this emergency condition, several policies have been carried out by the government to strengthen efforts to prevent the transmission of the corona virus through Presidential Decree No. 11 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social restrictions in order to accelerate the handling of Covid-19. The cases that are included in the judiciary are not reduced, including in the religious courts, which are increasing cases of domestic disputes or conflicts and require a fair settlement in accordance with the existing laws and regulations. Judicial practice must be carried out professionally and still pay attention to health protocols, by requiring the use of masks, hand sanitizers, and conducting online trials, all of which have become new habits that have only existed since the corona outbreak hit the world, including in Indonesia.

D. Conclusion
Specifically, this paper shows that the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the entire order of human life. The significant impact of the pandemic is the emergence of new habits in various fields, including in the practice of education and justice in Indonesia. There are several conclusions that can be drawn in this paper. First, the implementation of education has experienced a change in learning methods and media, from direct learning held in classrooms to online learning that can be accessed through online technology media. Second, the pandemic period has changed the learning system by using emerging applications, for example zoom meetings and google meet in the teaching and learning process , including the proliferation of webinars and others, this is a new trend in the field of education in Indonesia. Third, that the judiciary in Indonesia has also undergone changes, especially in the implementation of justice in general and religious courts, which use an online court model, depending on the conditions in which the court is located. This happens because each area has a different zoning classification depending on the severity of this corona pandemic. Fourth, that the new normal era that has been established by the government is a real effort to increase security in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic that is increasingly sweeping the world.