Konstruksi Nasionalisme Religius dalam Lirik Lagu Yā Lal Waṭan: Analisis Pragmatik Tindak Ilokusi

Abstrak

Yā Lal Waṭan, composed by KH Abdul Wahab Hasbullah in 1916, occupies a significant position in the history of Indonesian religious nationalism as a medium for mobilizing the Muslim community against Dutch colonialism. Despite numerous studies on its historical and symbolic dimensions, its function as a linguistic act has received limited scholarly attention. This study analyzes the illocutionary speech act functions embedded in the lyrics of Yā Lal Waṭan by integrating Searle's illocutionary taxonomy with the khabarī and insyā’ ṭalabī categorization from the Arabic rhetorical tradition of Ilmu Ma’ānī. Employing a qualitative text-based pragmatic analysis, the lyrics were segmented into eight utterance units, which were then classified using Searle’s illocutionary taxonomy as the primary framework and the Ilmu Ma’ānī categorization as a complementary analytical instrument. The findings reveal four illocutionary functions, namely assertive, directive, expressive, and implicit commissive, which collectively construct religious nationalism through theological legitimation, collective mobilization, affective identity-building, and implicit collective commitment. The integration of Ilmu Ma’ānī demonstrates that khabarī structures can generate commissive force when supported by contextual qarinah and collective performative context, a mechanism that is difficult to detect through Western pragmatic frameworks alone. This study contributes a dual-framework analytical model applicable to Arabic-Islamic textual traditions in the Nusantara context.